Balkanization Definition: Division of a multinational state into smaller ethnically homogeneous entities Began after breakup of the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian.

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Presentation transcript:

Balkanization Definition: Division of a multinational state into smaller ethnically homogeneous entities Began after breakup of the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian Empires (1918) Continued in Yugoslavia 1918

Critical to analyze maps and reflect on what we already know about history during these times Yugoslavia was made up of 8 “states” Yugoslavia - Federations not treated equally under Yugoslav gov't Ethnic tensions on the rise - 1992-1995 Yugoslav Federation crumbling Slovenia and Croatia declared independence Mass violence = ethnic cleansing Bosnia conflict (next slide) UN/NATO sent in to peace-keep Helped divide into new nations

Bosnia-Herzegovina Conflict 7th grade project in O’Connor’s class on genocide Ethnically rooted war (1992–95) Multiethnic population Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims) Serbs Croats Under communist Yugoslavian rule: B-H faced social, econ, political changes No Muslim institutions allowed (Qur'an schools, charitable foundations) B-H declared independence after Slovenia and Croatia Bosnian Serbs began attacks Massacre of Bosniaks – largest in Euro since Holocaust UN wouldn’t intervene at first, then declared “safe-zones” Srebrenica not protected – 7,000 Bosniak men killed Finally US-sponsored peace talks (after 100,000 deaths) UN established International Criminal Tribunal War crimes (against humanity and genocide)

https://www.ushmm.org/confront-genocide/cases/bosnia-herzegovina/bosnia-video-gallery Listen to eye witness testimony Remember the map you did at the beginning of the unit?