How are problems with the new government fixed? Forming A New Nation How are problems with the new government fixed?

Articles of Confederation 1781: thirteen states ratify the Articles of Confederation, creating a congress, where each state gets one vote Needed 9 out of 13 votes in Congress for national laws/taxes Individual states can create their own laws & taxes Northwest Ordinance of 1787 set requirements for new states to be admitted to US – no rights for Indians

Problems w/ Articles of Confederation 1. Each state had equal Congressional rep regardless of pop. 2. No executive or judicial branch 3. States have more power than Fed Govt

Shays’ Rebellion Massachusetts running out of money, gov raises taxes Farmers can’t pay new taxes, being sent to prison Daniel Shays leads a militia to shut down Mass state gov Fed gov unable to help, Mass militia sent in to stop Shays Many states fearful of revolutions & lack of federal govt power State reps will meet in Philadelphia to write a new constitution

Constitutional Convention Problem #1: Congressional representation is unfair 1) Virginia Plan: - James Madison -Representatives in Congress based on state’s population 2) New Jersey Plan: - William Paterson - Each state gets one rep. 3) The Great Compromise - Senate: each state get two reps - House of Rep’s: reps based on state’s pop. Problem #2: South wants to count slaves towards population, North does not - Three-Fifths Compromise Each slave would count as 3/5 of a person

A New Constitution Problem #3: Who should have more power? State or Fed gov? Madison’s new Constitution will expand power to Federal Gov: tax, regulate commerce, currency, federal laws But, State Govs can still make own laws/taxes but they cannot go against federal law or the new constitution Federalists support new Const, Anti-federalists do not