“Teach A Level Maths” Vol. 1: AS Core Modules 19: Laws of Indices © Christine Crisp

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Multiplying with Indices e.g.1 e.g.2 Generalizing this, we get:

Multiplying with Indices If m and n are not integers, a must be positive e.g.3

Dividing with Indices e.g. Cancel Generalizing this, we get:

Powers of Powers e.g. by rule (1)

Exercises Without using a calculator, use the laws of indices to express each of the following as an integer 1. 2. 3.

A Special Case e.g. Simplify Using rule (3) Also,

A Special Case e.g. Simplify Using rule (2) Also, So, Generalizing this, we get:

Another Special Case e.g. Simplify Using rule (3) Also,

Another Special Case e.g. Simplify Using rule (3) Also, So,