Phases of Matter

Solids: Phases of Matter particles: tightly packed in orderly pattern particles can’t move very much

Gases: Particles: far apart can move rapidly from place to place

Liquids: are in between solids & gases

Why do liquids & solids exist? What holds them together?

Kinetic Energy Atoms & molecules are in constant motion Temperature = measure of average KE of particles in sample of matter

If temperature ↑, the average KE↑ If temperature , then average KE 

Temperature vs. Phase gas & solid at same temp have same average KE but particles in these 2 phases move very differently

Types of motion Gases can move from place to place they can tumble they can shake

Solids can only vibrate in a back and forth motion

Liquids can vibrate but have very hindered movement moving place to place or tumbling the particles can move a little bit but they bump into neighbors

What is a phase change? A transition between phases There are 6 What are they?

1. solidification l → s 2. melting s → l 3. evaporation l → g 4. condensation g → l 5. sublimation s → g 6. deposition g → s

Melting solid →liquid

source Boiling liquid →gas

Deposition gas→solid

Condensation gas→liquid

Sublimation gas→solid Freezing liquid→solid source

Phase Changes When a substance goes from the gas to a condensed phase (s or l), what happens? The particles get closer together and their motion slows down

Phase Changes When a substance goes from a solid to a liquid or a gas, what happens? The particles move farther apart and their motion increases