Reproduction in Flowering Plants Prof. N.A. Malla Department of Botany GDC Bijbehara

Flower Flower is the reproductive part of the plant. Flower is the modification of the shoot.

The Parts of a Flower Most flowers have four parts: Sepals Petals Stamens Carpels

The Parts of a Flower Sepals protect the bud until it opens. Calyx: Collection of sepals. Sepals protect the bud until it opens. Carolla: Collection of petlas. Petals attract insects. Androecium: Collection of stamens. Stamens make pollen. Gynoecium: Collection of carpels. Carpels grow into fruits which contain the seeds.

Stamen: Male Reproductive Part Male reproductive organ Stamen Anther: produces male gametes by meiosis. Filament :holds the anther up.

Carpel: Female Reproductive Part Female reproductive organ Pistil Stigma : Top of the pistil, sticky surface for pollen to stick. Style : Connects the stigma to the ovary Ovary : Contains ovules ( eggs).

Angiosperm Life Cycle

Microgametogenesis

Megagametogenesis

Pollination Transfer of mature pollen grains from the anther to the stigma.

Pollination: Agencies Flowering plants use the wind, insects, bats, birds and mammals to transfer pollen from the male (stamen) part of the flower to the female (stigma) part of the flower. © P. Billiet

Types of Pollination Self Pollination: Pollen from same flower. Cross Pollination: Pollen from a different flower.

Germination of Pollen Grain When a pollen grain lands on the stigma, it germinates and a pollen tube grows down through the style to an ovule (egg).

Double Fertilization

Flower to Fruit

Ovule to Seed

Seed Anatomy

Seed Germination