Cell Processes The CELL must undergo certain processes in order to ensure the survival of the organism as a whole.

Living things… Display organization (cells, tissues, etc.) Develop and grow Have the ability to respond to the environment Can reproduce Take in and use materials and energy

Unicellular vs. Multicellular Unicellular organisms perform these functions within their 1 cell using only molecules and chemical reactions Multicellular organisms perform these functions using many different types of specialized cells found in their tissues and organ systems

How cells move stuff: Same processes in uni. and multi. Diffusion: the movement of molecules from high to low concentrations Osmosis: the movement of water from low solute concentration to high solute concertation (remember a solute is a dissolved molecule) Active Transport: cells use energy to move molecules

Biomolecules Lipids Proteins Carbohydrates Nucleic Acids

Photosynthesis Plants use light energy (sunlight) to combine carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) to make simple sugars (C6H12O6)

What happens during photosynthesis and where does it occur? Chloroplasts in plant cells capture light energy and use that energy to make glucose or “food” Oxygen gas is also released as a by-product in this reaction Bacteria also do this process in their cells

Cellular Respiration ALL organisms break down simple sugars (C6H12O6) for the energy they contain

Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O + ENERGY Sugar is broken down into Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Water (H2O) The Chemical Formula looks like this: THIS ENERGY IS USED IN NEARLY EVERY LIFE FUNCTION! C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O + ENERGY Sugar + Oxygen  Carbon Dioxide + water + Energy

Where does cellular respiration happen? Cellular Respiration occurs in the mitochondria in Protista and all multicellular organisms Bacteria do it in their cells