Heredity Human Chromosomes.

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Presentation transcript:

Heredity Human Chromosomes

Heredity When organisms reproduce, genetic information is passed from parents to offspring. Heredity is the passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next.

Genetic Material Every cell contains genetic material in the form of DNA. In prokaryotic cells, the DNA is contained within a single, circular chromosome.

Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes In eukaryotes, the nucleus contains the genetic material of the cell. While only eukaryotes keep their DNA in a nucleus, it is important to understand that every cell uses DNA. Nucleus

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. nucleotide DNA is a double-stranded nucleic acid. It is a polymer of nucleotides.

These two strands spiral around one another to create a shape called a double helix.

Chromosomes DNA is not found in many little pieces. Instead, large amounts of DNA are packaged together into chromosomes. Human cells hold 46 chromosomes that contain thousands of genes. Genes determine your traits- eye color, skin color, height, etc. Human Chromosomes

The inherited traits of individuals are governed in genes within chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell. Inherited Traits Nucleus

Click here for the What is DNA? Click here for What is a Gene? DNA Simulation Nucleus

Alleles are a pair of genes that determine a specific trait Alleles are a pair of genes that determine a specific trait. You inherited one allele from your father and one from your mother for every trait you have! Alleles