Unit 1 Test Review Mr. Cappello Grade 12: 9-1-1 Specialist High Skills Major Program Sir Robert Borden H.S.

Diversity Issues in Law Enforcement, Ch 1: Police Culture in a Diversity Context Key terms: pluralism, diversity, police culture, ego forcing, culture (from video, posted to wiki), hyper-vigilance, cynicism, code of silence Police Service Approach vs. Police Force Approach (p.10) Community Policing Strategies (p.12)

Ch.1 Canadian Police Work: An Overview Review learning objectives, p.1 5 of the 10 questions will be options for short answer questions! You will be asked to answer 3 of the 5 options. 4U: You will be expected to use the key terms in context with your answer.

Understanding Terrorism: Challenges, Perspectives and Issues: Chapter 1, First Impressions 3 Justifications of Terrorist behaviour (p.3) Those who practice revolutionary violence and state repression always claim to champion noble causes and values Policies that advocate extreme violence always incite righteous goals to justify their behaviour- such as the need to defend a religious faith or defend human rights of a people. The perpetrators of violent acts uniformly maintain they are freedom fighters (in the case of revolutionaries) or the champions of law and order (in the case of governments)

4U: Terrorism Chapter 1, First Impressions, continued Terrorism in the modern era (p.5) is characterized by 6 factors: Loose cell based networks Potential acquisition of weapons of mass destruction Politically vague, religious, or mystical motivations “Asymmetrical” methods Explicit Grievances championing specific causes or ethno- national groups Relatively “surgical” selection of targets.

4U: Terrorism Chapter 1, First Impressions, continued Defining political terrorism (p.7) …Terrorism is a group phenomena, is rooted in inter-group conflict. Insurgent terrorism is defined by: asymmetric forces, and is grounded in extremist beliefs that arise from group identity, inter-group conflict, and a chosen strategy.

4U: Terrorism Chapter 1, First Impressions, continued Definitions: Morality concepts from Criminal Justice related to Terrorism (p.9): Mala prohibita: Acts are “crimes that are made illegal by legislation” (e.g. moral prohibitions, prostitution) Mala in se: acts are crimes “that are immoral or wrong in themselves” (e.g. acts that never be legalized, such as murder)