Classification.

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Presentation transcript:

Classification

In order to make their job easier, scientists classify living things into groups, based on how they are the same, and how they are different.

What is Classification? Classification arranges objects, ideas, or information into groups by finding common traits or characteristics.

The Science of Classification Scientist who classify or organize organisms (animals and plants) are called taxonomists. Taxonomists study taxonomy.

The History of Organization Aristotle 384-322 BC Interested in biological classification. Patterns in nature. Carl Linnaeus 1707-1778 ACE Father of Biological Classification!

Binomial Nomenclature Two-word naming system Genus Noun, Capitalized, Underlined or Italicized Specific epithet Descriptive, Lower Case, Underlined or Italicized Together they are the species name. Without the genus name, the specific epithet is meaningless

Common name: Robin Erithacus rubicula Turdus migratorus

Common name: Black and Polar Bear Ursus americanus Ursus maritimus

Engage Activity: Classification With the person sitting next to you, take a baggy and classify the items into 2 groups. Write down the characteristics for each group. Split those groups into 2 groups. Write down the common characteristics for those new groups. Share - compare with the group next to you. Are your groups: the same, similar or different?

Groups are also arranged in hierarchical order.

Hierarchical Classification Taxonomic categories Kingdom (big) King Phylum Philip Class Came Order Over Family For Genus Grape Species (small) Soda

Engage Activity - Mnemonic On a sheet of paper, create your own sentence to help you remember the order of classification. King Philip Come Over For Grape Soda

What are Dichotomous Keys? a method for determining the identity of something (like the name of a butterfly, a plant, a lichen, or a rock) by going through a series of choices that leads the user to the correct name of the item. Dichotomous means "divided in two parts".

Using a dichotomous key At each step of the process of using the key, the user is given two choices; each alternative leads to another question until the item is identified. 1a. If the leaves are flat….go to question 4. 1b. If the leaves are needle-like….go to question 2. 2a. Are the needles in a bunch? Go to question 5 2b. Are they spread along the branch?“…pine tree Eventually, when enough questions have been answered, the identity of the tree is revealed.

Engage Activity –Create your own dichotomous key Create a dichotomous key to identify 2 people in this classroom, using questions based on gender, hair length/color, glasses (or not), clothing color, etc. 1a. Is this person male? Go to question 2. 1b. Is this person female? Go to question 3.

Why is Taxonomy Important? New Discoveries Unknown species discovered. Questions Two new discovers have been made. Living animal and fossil. Questions: What is this animal and how does it behave. Where does it fit into the big picture. How can we answer these question. Gather suggestions. New fossil Uncovered. How can you answer these questions?

Exit Ticket On a half sheet of paper and in your own words, what did I want to you to learn today (give at least 2 things)? Don’t list the activities…tell me what was the point.