Nitric oxide system in needle-induced transmyocardial revascularization Takayuki Saito, MD, PhD, Marc P Pelletier, MD, Hani Shennib, MD, Adel Giaid, PhD

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Nitric oxide system in needle-induced transmyocardial revascularization Takayuki Saito, MD, PhD, Marc P Pelletier, MD, Hani Shennib, MD, Adel Giaid, PhD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 72, Issue 1, Pages 129-136 (July 2001) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(01)02687-X

Fig 1 Vascular density was expressed as number of vessels per HPF (×400) in the myocardium of sham and the two experimental groups (no-TMR and TMR groups); ∗p < 0.001. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2001 72, 129-136DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(01)02687-X)

Fig 2 Immunostaining for iNOS (A–E) and eNOS (F–H) in the myocardium. (A) Strong expression of iNOS in the infarcted myocardium of TMR group at 1 week after TMR procedure. Arrow indicates endocardial endothelium. (B) Higher magnification of the heart in A showing intense expression of iNOS in the vascular endothelium (arrows) and macrophages (arrowheads). (C) Also a higher magnification of the heart in A and shows abundant expression of iNOS in the cardiomyocytes (arrowheads) and endocardial endothelium (arrow). (D) Little expression of iNOS in the infarcted myocardium of the TMR group at 8 weeks after the procedure. Arrow indicates endocardial endothelium. (E) Little expression of iNOS in the noninfarcted myocardium of the sham group. (F) Immunostaining with eNOS in the infarcted myocardium of the no-TMR group at 1 week after surgery. (G) Higher magnification of the heart in F and shows moderate staining with eNOS in the cardiomyocytes (arrowheads) and endocardial endothelium (arrow). (H) Diffuse immunoreactivity for eNOS in the myocytes of the sham group. Magnifications: A, D, and F (×200); B, C, E, G, and H (×400). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2001 72, 129-136DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(01)02687-X)

Fig 3 The intensity of iNOS (A–D) and eNOS immunoreactivity (E–G) in the cardiomyocytes, endocardium, endothelium, and macrophages in the infarcted myocardium of no-TMR and TMR groups and in the noninfarcted myocardium of sham group; ∗p < 0.05. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2001 72, 129-136DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(01)02687-X)

Fig 4 Positive immunoreactive area for iNOS (A) and eNOS (B) in the infarcted myocardium of the TMR and the non-TMR groups and in the noninfarcted myocardium of the sham group; ∗p < 0.05. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2001 72, 129-136DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(01)02687-X)

Fig. 5 Correlation between iNOS immunoreactive area and vascular density in the infarcted myocardium of the TMR (A) and no-TMR groups (B). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2001 72, 129-136DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(01)02687-X)