Do Now: What do you know about Gandhi? What would you like to know? Aim: What were the causes and effects of Indian and African Nationalism Post WWI? Do Now: What do you know about Gandhi? What would you like to know? Mahatma Gandhi 1883 - 1944
I CAUSES of Indian Nationalism Post WWI A) Upper class Indians began to resent British rule. 1. Indian National Congress 2. Muslim League B) Indian Sepoys fighting for the British in WWI were promised independence. Britain lied. C) Amritsar Massacre: Spring 1919, 10,000 Hindus and Muslims went to Amritsar to protest British rule. British General Reginald Dyer ordered his troops to fire on the crowd without warning 400 Indians killed. Hindus and Muslims found common ground resisting foreign rule
Indian National Congress
Muslim League
Amritsar Massacre 1919
“You must be the change you wish to see in the world.” II Mahatma Gandhi A) After British failure to punish the officers responsible for the Amritsar Massacre, Gandhi proposed his policy of “noncooperation”: Embargo of British goods and schools, Not paying British taxes or voting. 1000s arrested, including Ghandi! Mahatma Gandhi joined the INC before WWI, and eventually became its leader. A member of the Vaisya (merchant caste), he fought to end discrimination of untouchables. He urged peace between Hindus & Muslims. He strongly influenced Martin Luther King Jr. “You must be the change you wish to see in the world.”
Gandhi Continued… B) March to April 1930 Gandhi organized a salt march to protest British rule. Under British law, Indians could only buy salt from the government and they had to pay a tax on it. To show opposition, Gandhi and his followers walked 240 miles to the coast and collected their own salt 60,000 people including Gandhi were arrested.
Mahatma Gandhi with wife Kasturbai 1913 Children: Harilal, born in 1888; Manilal, born in 1892; Ramdas, born in 1897; and Devdas, born in 1900. Mahatma Gandhi with wife Kasturbai 1913
Key Vocabulary Amritsar Massacre Indian National Congress Mahatma Gandhi Muslim League Salt March