Carbohydrates.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Biochemistry: Carbohydrates
Advertisements

Mrs. Kerstetter Biology
CARBOHYDRATE REVIEW. A carbohydrate is: A. An organic compound B. A Biomolecule C. An Inorganic compound D. Ionic compound E. Both a and B.
compounds that contain carbon are called______________ Organic.
compounds that contain carbon are called______________ Organic.
Carbohydrates. CARBOHYDRATES 60% of our food should come from carbohydrates.
Carbohydrates Lab 6. Carbohydrates  Carbohydrates are compounds of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O). Usually found 1C:2H:1O. Usually grouped as.
 All organisms are made of four types of carbon-based molecules: 1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Proteins 4. Nucleic Acids  The molecules have different.
 The energy you use comes from the carbohydrates in food  Your body changes carbohydrates into glucose– a form you can use for immediate energy  Your.
Lets Carb Up!!!. Carbohydrates - Composition Made of… (Hint: look at the name) – Carbon – Hydrogen – Oxygen.
–Carbohydrates –Lipids (fats) –Proteins –Nucleic Acids Organic molecules are the molecules in living things There are four types of organic (carbon-based)
Carbohydrates (CHO) -carbohydrates contain only Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen -carbohydrates are produced in the process of photosynthesis.
MACROMOLECULES. Four Types of Macromolecules 1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Proteins 4. Nucleic Acids.
Quick energy!!. What elements are carbs composed of? 1. Carbon (C) 2. Hydrogen (H) 3. Oxygen(O) In a ratio of – C : H : O 1 : 2 : 1 Example: Glucose C.
Biomolecules.
Organic Compounds: Carbohydrates Chapter 6. Function Provides a quick, immediate source of energy for all cell processes Energy (measured in calories)
Carbohydrates Good or Bad ??????? You get to answer this question at the end!
Regents Biology Carbohydrates. Regents Biology Carbohydrates Which foods contain carbohydrates?
What are living creatures made of?
Carbohydrates “Carbs” Objective:
2.3 Carbon compounds. Compounds can be classified into two categories. 1.Inorganic Compounds – Compounds with NO Carbon element in it. 2. Organic Compounds.
Lets Carb Up!!!. Carbohydrates - Composition Made of… (Hint: look at the name) Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen.
Notes: Unit 1--Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates Sugars make rings in aqueous solutions C CC C C C 1' 2'3' 4' 5' 6' O When sugars bond together, it happens at the 1 and 4 carbons. H H.
Carbohydrates. Made from atoms of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) Made from atoms of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) Examples are starch,
10/16 Objective: What are the properties of carbohydrates? * Chapter 5: The Molecules of Life Do Now: What is a small molecular unit called? A chain of.
Biomolecules- CARBOHYDRATES The Molecules of Cells.
Biology I Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.
Carbohydrates Name______________ 1 Carbohydrates  Building block molecules =  Made of only Carbon, Hydrogn, Oxygen sugar sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar.
CARBOHYDRATES CARBOHYDRATES A. Composed of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen B. Ratio of atoms: 1 C : 2 H : 1 O or (CH 2 O) n n=# Carbon Atoms C. Exists as rings.
MOLECULES OF LIFE: THERE ARE FOUR MAIN CLASSES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ESSENTIAL TO LIFE.
ENERGY What is energy? What type of energy does our body use?
Carbohydrates Properties Controlled by Structure
Biochemistry, Organic Molecules
CARBOHYDRATES.
Carbohydrates.
Carbon compounds.
Biochemistry: Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates Make up sugars and starches
WITsi Strategy - BBS Based on materials covered in class on diffusion (Lab on Diffusion, class discussion, ppt presentation), change the following fragment.
II- Organic molecules Organic molecules are those that: 1) formed by the actions of living things. 2) have a carbon backbone. Each organic molecule.
What inorganic compounds are essential to living things?
Carbohydrates.
II- Organic molecules Organic molecules are those that: 1) formed by the actions of living things. 2) have a carbon backbone. Each organic molecule.
Biochemistry: Molecules of Life
Carbohydrates What’s the difference between these foods? All the same molecules of glucose and fructose.
By: Martin G, Mike C, & Eddie T
MACROMOLECULES CARBOHYDRATES
Carbohydrates Quick energy!!.
Carbohydrates.
Unit 1 Notes: Carbohydrates
Biomolecules – Part 2 Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates 1 1.
ORGANIC MOLECULES CARBOHYDRATES.
Carbohydrates.
Carbon & Carbohydrates
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS The Chemistry of LIFE!!.
A quick source of energy!!
Carbohydrates=Carbon + water (1st macromolecule)
Today’s Learning Target:
Carbohydrates!(2.3). Carbohydrates!(2.3) What are Carbohydrates? And more.
Carbohydrates.
Carbohydrates (2-3).
Carbohydrates.
Carbon Carbon is the basis of all organic compounds
Carbohydrates.
Carbohydrates (2-3).
Nutrient #1: Carbohydrates
A quick source of energy!!
Section 4 Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins & Nucleic Acids
Presentation transcript:

Carbohydrates

What are carbohydrates? Compounds made of sugar molecules ( saccharides)

Elements Present C- Carbon H- Hydrogen O- Oxygen 1:2:1 ratio C:H:O ratio Ex: CH2O  C6 H12 O6

Monomers of Carbohydrates Monosaccharide- simple sugar, found in the sweet things you eat Ex: Glucose- main source of energy for most organisms 2) Fructose- different arrangements of atoms- fruit sugar

Function of Monosaccharides 1) Store energy 2)Provide fuel for cells ** The cells break down the glucose molecules and extract this energy ** If a cell does not use the simple sugars immediately, the cells usually incorporate them into larger carbs or FATS

Polymers- made of 2 or more monomer ( monosaccharides) Complex sugars or complex carbs Disaccharides- 2 monosaccharides Polysaccharides- thousands of monosaccharides put together

Function of Complex Sugars or Polysaccharides Fuel Energy storage Support

Examples of Disaccharides 1) Maltose= Glucose + Glucose 2) Sucrose = Glucose + Fructose ( table sugar) 3) Lactose = Glucose + Galactose ( in milk)

Examples of Polysaccharides Starch 2) Glycogen 3) Cellulose 4) Chitin

Starch Starch- all glucose monomers, found in plants Function: stores sugar for plants **Ripe/Unripe banana starch is broken down (digested) and glucose is available Ex: Potatoes, rice, corn

Test for Carbs 1) Simple Sugars ( monosaccharides) **Benedicts solution- turns orange-red in presence of monosaccharides 2) Complex Sugars ( di or polysaccharides) **Iodine- turns blackish in presence of starch

Glycogen Glycogen- all glucose monomers, found in animals, stored in the liver and muscles Function: broken down for energy

Cellulose Cellulose- all glucose monomers, in plants Function: Used for building materials Protects cells Stiffens plants ***Animals can NOT digest cellulose, its not a nutrient unless animals have the ability to break it down Ex: cotton, celery, broccoli

Cellulose

Chitin Insect skeleton Job: Protects Support

Common Characteristics of Carbohydrates Hydrophilic- many hydroxyl groups (OH) 2) Mono and disaccharides dissolve in water = sugar solution 3) Cellulose and some starch do not dissolve in water because they are too big