Ch. 9, 10 and 11 Vocab REview

Internal Improvements Federal projects to develop the nation’s transportation system

Sectionalism Loyalty to a region

American System Policies devised to stimulate the growth of industry and make the United States self- sufficient.

Missouri Compromise allowed Missouri to enter the nation as a slave state but forbid slavery in new northern states west of the Mississippi River

Convention of 1818 set the border between the U.S. and Canada at the 49th degree North parallel to the Rockies.

Era of good feelings a period of peace, pride and progress in the United States

Monroe doctrine U.S. policy which stated that the U.S. intended to prevent European nations from interfering with the independent nations of the Americas.

limited naval power on the Great Lakes for both the U.S. and Canada Rush-Bagot Agreement limited naval power on the Great Lakes for both the U.S. and Canada

Adams-Onis treaty the United States purchases Florida from Spain

an 800 mile forced march of the Cherokee Trail of tears an 800 mile forced march of the Cherokee

Nullification crisis the dispute over whether states had the right to nullify, or disobey, any federal law with which they disagreed.

States’ rights doctrine stated that because the states had formed the national government, then state power should be greater than the federal power

To move someone to another place to live relocate To move someone to another place to live

Fighting forces make surprise attacks and then retreat into hiding Guerilla Tactics Fighting forces make surprise attacks and then retreat into hiding

Bureau of indian affairs an agency created to oversee the federal policy toward Native Americans

a financial crisis that led to a severe economic depression Panic of 1837 a financial crisis that led to a severe economic depression

Indian territory the new homeland for Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi River

Indian removal act authorized the removal of Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi River

Tariff of abominations a very high tax on imported goods (named so by angry southerners)

Spoils system The practice of rewarding political supporters with government jobs

cede to give up territory by treaty

Donner Party a group of western travelers who were trapped crossing the Sierra Nevada Mts. in the winter

Gadsden purchase purchase from Mexico of the southern parts of present day New Mexico and Arizona in 1853

– rebellion of American settlers against the Californios in 1846. Bear flag revolt – rebellion of American settlers against the Californios in 1846.

Forty-niners gold seeking migrants who traveled to California in 1849

Prospect to search for gold

a community experiencing a sudden growth in business or population Boomtown a community experiencing a sudden growth in business or population

Spanish colonists and their descendants living in California Californios Spanish colonists and their descendants living in California

Annex to add territory

a person who leaves a country or region to live elsewhere. Emigrant a person who leaves a country or region to live elsewhere.

Manifest destiny the idea that the United States was intended to extend its boundaries to the Pacific Ocean

Joint occupation The agreement allowing both the U.S. and Britain to settle in the Oregon Territory

Mountain men frontiersmen living in the wilderness of the Rocky Mts / fur trappers and traders