APARTHEID: THE POLITICS OF PREJUDICE Alison Bencivenga Benold Middle School Georgetown ISD

What is Apartheid?

One definition for apartheid is “A political philosophy of keeping races apart in South Africa.”(jamaat.net/name/name2.html )

Another definition for apartheid is “racial, political, and economic segregation of non-European peoples.” (Compare to Segregation in the U.S) (oregonstate.edu/instruct/anth370/gloss.html)

This policy, which came from the word that means “apartness” in Afrikaans (the language of the white settlers) was applied in many ways. http://www.un.org/av/photo/subjects/apartheid.htm

The indigenous people (Native) could not own the land their ancestors had inhabited throughout their history. They were denied the same quality of education, medical care, and housing as whites, and could not even use the same facilities. They could not travel freely in their own country, and were required to carry special papers for identification. http://www.un.org/av/photo/subjects/images/155573.jpg

Apartheid was the official policy (law) of the government of South Africa. www.capetown.at

How could such a policy be changed?

Protests and strikes were other strategies… libcom.org mediafilter.org

As the plight of native South Africans gained international attention, other countries refused to trade with South Africa. This type of economic sanction may be referred to as a boycott or embargo (ban purchasing products from countries) www.southafrica.to

Why might a boycott or embargo force a country to reconsider its policies?

Some Countries Depend on… Food from other countries New Technologies Vehicles Machinery

Nelson Mandela became a voice for his fellow South Africans Nelson Mandela became a voice for his fellow South Africans. He was an active member of the African National Congress, an organization that worked for the civil rights of the South African people. www.africanaencyclopedia.com Because he refused to keep silent, he spent more than 30 years of his life in South African jails.

Bishop Desmond Tutu (1931-present) was another anti-apartheid leader . -Both leaders used Civil Disobedience: non-violent ways of disobeying the law www.inminds.co.uk

After becoming leader, he quickly began uniting the country. His efforts gained attention throughout the world. When Apartheid finally fell, Nelson Mandela was considered one of the heroes that brought about its end. He became South Africa’s first indigenous president in 1994. After becoming leader, he quickly began uniting the country. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TQhns5AwAkA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9oIKqeZWjis#2 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MR6hSZe_WH8#3 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25Lb1YpSEic#1

Truth and Reconciliation Commission Allowed individuals to “influence the political (government) process” or be a part of the government. Individuals were allowed to testify to tell their stories of abuses during apartheid. If people had committed human abuses in the past, they could publicly testify to receive amnesty (pardoned or forgiven by law). Built trust between the government and the people. People needed to trust the government if their government was going to have success in the future.

Who do you think Nelson Mandela was modeling his civil rights movement after?

Mohandas Gandhi (1883-1944), often called “Mahatma,” or “Great Soul” by his followers, was a beacon for the people of India as they fought to end the British occupation of India. His nonviolent methods were a model for Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968) and Nelson Mandela (1918-2013). http://www.progress.org/gandhi/gand2.jpg

Martin Luther King provided leadership for ending segregation in the United States. He used many of the same strategies as those that were successful in South Africa. news-service.stanford.edu

Was the policy of apartheid unique to South Africa?

Is there still apartheid today? What changes have there been since?

What about the Middle East? http://www.honestreporting.com/Images/apartheid.gif http://www.tomgrossmedia.com/img/hway-2-mecca-muslims-only.jpg

Where else in the world is apartheid an issue?

WORKS CITED www.un.org/av/photo/subjects/apartheid.htm www.southafrica.to africanactivist.msu.edu http://www.anc.org.za/people/mandela.html