Notes: Cells, Osmosis & Respiration TB:pgs. 277-285

Review: Seven (+ 1) Characteristics of Living Things

Example #1: whales Breathing: O2 Eating: Krill Moving: Swimming Excreting: Urine, CO2 Reproducing: Live Young Growing: From 1m+ Reacts to the environment: Fear Made of cells yes In conclusion, whales meet all criteria and are therefore living

Example #2: ferns Breathing: CO2 Eating: Minerals Moving: Cellular Excreting: O2 Reproducing: Pollination Growing: Seed-plant Reacts to the environment: Wilt Made of cells: Yes In conclusion, ferns meet all criteria and are therefore living

Example #3: Car Breathing: O2 Eating: Gas Moving: Rolls Excreting: CO2 Reproducing: No Growing: No Reacts to the environment: Rusts Made of cells: No In conclusion, a car does not meet all the criteria, and therefore, is not living.

Starting Point: Cells All living organisms are composed of cells. The cell is the smallest living unit that exist. Cells do not have all the same size, shape, or function. There are two different cell types: plants and animal cells

Nucleus Endoplasmic Reticulum Cytoplasm Cell Membrane Mitochondrion

Cell Wall Vacuole Endoplasmic Reticulum Cell membrane Mitochondria Cytoplasm Nucleus Chroroplasts

Functions of Cells Organelle Where? Function Nucleus Animal + Plant Controls all cell’s activities, including reproduction and growth Cytoplasm Distributes nutrients in the cell Cell membrane Decides what comes in and out Surrounds and protects cell Vacuole Storage (energy, waste) Mitochondrion Energy producing Endoplasmic reticulum Network of canals (for nutrients) Chloroplasts Plant only Involved in photosynthesis Cell wall Supports the cell

How do cells work? Inputs: Outputs: Substances that enter the cell and are indispensable to its activities. Outputs: Substances that must leave the cell (Waste)

Think of a City How does it operate? Who protects the city? Who runs the city? How does the city manage its trash? How does the city get food? How does the city get its power? How do you know when you are in the city limits?

Now think of a Cell Do the parts of the cell compare to any parts of a city? What cell parts do you remember from last year? How many can you relate to the parts of a city?

A cell can be compared to a city! Each part of the cell has its own function or purpose. The parts of the cell can be compared to the parts of a city based on their similar purpose.

Cell City Analogies An analogy is a similarity between like features of two things, on which a comparison may be based. Endoplasmic Reticulum The road represents the endoplasmic reticulum because they are both transportation systems

Choose an Animal Cell City or a Plant Cell City The plant cell will have two extra parts: Cell Wall Chloroplasts You will receive an extra 2 points if you choose the plant cell.

Creating your own Cell = City You are going to create your own real or imaginary city. Each part of your city will correspond to a part of the cell. Your city must have: a name a border a ruler (mayor, king, queen) make a product have a way to deliver the product power system

Task Sketch your city in pencil on large computer paper. Label and circle each part of the city A-I for plant cell A-G for animal cell Create a legend in the corner of your city. Color your city completely and neatly

Final Product Your map/picture must be neat, colorful, correctly labeled, and have a legend or key. Use pencil first then color. Be creative! Have fun with it. Past examples included underwater cities prehistoric cities skate parks amusement parks Make sure to include a description on a paper.

Some examples…

City = Cell Brick Wall = Cell Wall Gate = Cell Membrane Air = Cytoplasm City Hall = Nucleus Police Station = Nuclear Membrane

A I C D G B H E J Legend A: Far Far Away B: Brick Wall C: Environment D: Shrek’s Castle E: Puss-n-boots Security Service F: Gingerbread Man’s Cookie Factory G: Roads H: 3 Blind Mice Delivery Service I: Dragon Power Service (DPS) J: Donkey Recycling F

Cell City Analogy: Kingdom of Far Far Away In the kingdom of Far Far Away, the main export and production is a cookie service run by the infamous Gingy. Everyone in the town has something to do with making Gingy’s speciality giant cookies and the entire town is designed to build and export cookies effectively. The town Castle has the recipes for the special cookies, safely stowed for Gingy’s viewing. The town air is filled with sweet notes of ginger, brown sugar, and chocolate, which makes sitting on the green green grass even more enjoyable. Although Far Far Away is a happy little kingdom, the people have been ordered to stay within the town limits and cannot cross the border emphasized with a brick wall. The citizens are an important part of the town because they are needed to transport the cookies. They roll the giant cookies down the streets to various restaurants and grocery stores in town. The town’s men and women get their energy to roll the giant cookies from the never ending supply of pixie dust from the Pixie Dust Power Plant. Every part in the kingdom has a role and without everybody’s contribution to the cookie business, it would literally crumble into pieces. Cell City Analogy: Kingdom of Far Far Away