Nutrients & Energy

Energy Your Body Uses How the body processes food is called METABOLISM The speed at which your body processes energy is known as your BMR (basal metabolic rate) BMR varies according to a person’s size, age, gender and genetics Note that muscles burn more energy (calories) than fat! 1.) Explain how your your size, age, gender and genetics affect your BMR.

What are Calories? 2.) Are all calories the same? A unit that measures energy from food A unit that measures energy used by the body 2.) Are all calories the same? Use the internet to research the answer

Energy in Food The only nutrients that provide energy are . . . Carbohydrates 1 gram of Carbs = 4 calories 45-65% of your calories should come from carbohydrates Protein 1 gram of Protein = 4 calories 10-35% of your calories should come from protein Fat 1 gram of Fat = 9 calories 25-35% of your calories should come from fat

Energy Your Body Uses 3.) What is your activity level? Your body uses/burns calories through physical activity 3.) What is your activity level? How activities make up your activity level? Active you must have 60 minutes/day of physical activity Moderately Active you must have 30-60 minutes/day Sedentary you will have fewer than 30 minutes/day

Use the internet to research the answer Energy Balance Calories in = calories burned To gain weight- eat more calories than burned To lose weight- eat fewer calories than burned 4.) What type of calories would you eat to gain weight without gaining fat? Use the internet to research the answer

Nutrient Advice RDAs- Recommended Dietary Allowances Recommends what kind and how much nutrients your body needs. Phytonutrients- plants use to fight bacteria, fungi and viruses. May help prevent heart disease and cancer. 5.) What types of food contain phytonutrients? Use the internet to research the answer

Nutrient Advice Malnutrition- nutrient deficiency (or not getting enough) nutrients May occur because of poverty, food shortage, health problems, poor choices 6.) Give examples of how each can lead to malnutrition. Use the internet to research the answer Poverty, food shortage, health problems, poor choices

Nutrient Advice 7.) What is scurvy? A surplus (too much of a nutrient) can cause health problems as well. Supplements- sometimes pill or liquid form Not needed for people who eat a proper diet High does can be harmful 7.) What is scurvy? Use the internet to research the answer 8.) How are vitamins different from supplements?