Biomes

Biomes Biosphere- anywhere life is supported This spans from several miles above the earth surface to deep down in the ocean. If microscopic organisms can live there it is part of the biosphere! Climate-general weather over a long period of time. Climate Includes seasonal changes

Biomes Biome- Large area of similar climate and life forms. The climate of the air determines the plants which determine the animals

Terrestrial (Land) Biomes Tundra- cold, dry, and treeless area around the northern Arctic There is almost no Tundra in the Southern Hemisphere Permafrost-soil that remains frozen to a depth of 1 meter 8-20 inches of precipitation fall each year Animals-Arctic Hare, Arctic Fox, Lemmings Plants-saxifrage/ Arctic Lychnis World Map

Terrestrial Biomes-Forests Coniferous Forest – Has cool temperatures and evergreen conifers Taiga- where most of the coniferous forests are found Temperatures from -10 to 57 degrees Plants-hemlock, spruce, fir Animals-elk, porcupines, red squirrels World Map

Terrestrial Biomes-Forests Deciduous Forest- has definite seasonal changes, lots of rain and moderate temperatures Long growing season Animals-white tailed deer, black bear, coyotes Plants-maple tree, oak tree, elm tree World Map

Tropical Rain Forest- hot and wet area located near the equator. Terrestrial Biome Tropical Rain Forest- hot and wet area located near the equator. Approx. 60 inches of rain each year Divided into 3 layers-ground/trees/canopy Canopy-the uppermost layer of forest Animals-sloth, gorilla, spider monkey Plants-chocolate tree, coconut tree, orchid World Map

Grasslands- needs little rain, but has rich soil Terrestrial Biome Grasslands- needs little rain, but has rich soil Animals-bison, prairie dog, prairie hawk Plants-prairie blazing star, sweet cone flower World Map Prairie- North American Grasslands (no trees) Savanna- grasslands with a few scattered trees

Terrestrial Biome Desert- dry environment with less than 25 cm of rain Plants- cacti, mesquite bushes Nocturnal- active mainly at night Because of the weather conditions, most animals are active at night Animals-kangaroo rats, gila monster World Map Interactive Review Questions

Aquatic (Water) Biomes Marine- salt water areas Largest biome on earth 75% of earth’s surface Inter-tidal Zone- covered by water at high tide and not at low tide Organisms-periwinkles, snails, crab Neritic Zone- extends from intert-idal zone to 200 meters in depth Organisms- plankton, sea anemone Oceanic Zone- extends from 200 meter to the bottom of the ocean Organisms-blue whale, squid

Neritic Zone Oceanic Zone

Aquatic (Water) Biomes Freshwater Biome- lakes, streams, and rivers Animals- carp, dragonflies, frogs Plants- cattails, reeds Estuaries- where freshwater flows into ocean water. Very rich with nutrients

Questions Why is the earth’s climate an important factor in biomes? What type of adaptations do organisms living in the deepest part of the ocean need? Would a marine animal survive in a freshwater biome? What would happen if a new plant or animal species were introduced to the biome? Would it survive and how would it affect the ecosystem? What is an ecosystem?

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