The Age of Jackson Who was Andrew Jackson? Describe his reputation? Describe the scene at the White House following his inauguration What was Jackson the first president to be? From west of the Appalachians

The Age of Jackson Jackson basically created a new political party – the Jacksonian Democrats (or just Democrats) What group of people, voting for the first time in many states, gave Jackson his huge win?

The Age of Jackson Explain patronage What was the big deal about Jackson doing it? What was the spoils system? Why did Jackson believe in “rotation in office?”

The Age of Jackson Limited Government: Jackson feared the power of the federal government and attacks on liberties He vetoed more bills than the first six presidents combined! Why did he veto the road in Kentucky? Why was he called King Andrew I?

The Tariff of Abominations What was the purpose of the tariff of 1828? To tax imports from Britain Why? So northern industry would gain an advantage against British industry

The Tariff of Abominations What was its impact? It hurt the southern economy Why? Because Britain raised a tariff against southern cotton Also, southerners now had to pay higher prices for northern goods (instead of being able to buy the same products from Britain for less money)

The Tariff of Abominations What did South Carolina propose to do about their frustrations regarding the tariff? South Carolina determined that a state has the right to determine if the federal government had exceeded its limit If so, a state could nullify, or reject federal laws they found to be unconstitutional

The Tariff of Abominations South Carolina based their argument on the idea of states’ rights. Where did they get that idea? They believe that any power not granted to the federal government, or specifically taken away from the state belongs to the state. Strict Construction

The Tariff of Abominations South Carolina further believed that states had these rights because they created the federal government, they had the right to secede from it.

The Tariff of Abominations In 1832, Congress passed another tariff This time SC nullified it. Jackson got angry and worked with Congress to pass the Force Bill He also threatened to send 50,000 troops to SC SC finally gave in

The Indian Crisis What two factors made Native American land more desirable in the South? The Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Seminole, and Chickasaw made up the “Five Civilized Tribes” They had good farming land

The Indian Crisis In 1830, Jackson and Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, which did what? It traded land in the South and Old Northwest for land on the plains The Northern Native Americans generally accepted the arrangement The Five Civilized Tribes did not

The Indian Crisis The Five Civilized Tribes were forcibly removed from their fertile, cultivated land in Florida, to prairie land in modern day Oklahoma (Great Plains)

The Indian Crisis Cherokee resistance: What made the Cherokee unique? Their land had gold on it, so Georgia wanted to take it. The Cherokee appealed to the Supreme Court – Worcester v. Georgia John Marshall and the court sided with the Cherokee

The Indian Crisis Georgia, with President Jackson’s backing, didn’t care “All preceding experiments for the improvements of the Indians have failed. It seems now to be an established fact that they can not live in contact with a civilized community and prosper…No one can doubt the moral duty of the Government…to protect and if possible to preserve and perpetuate the scattered remnants of this race.” Andrew Jackson, December 7, 1835

The Indian Crisis Indian Uprisings: The Black Hawk War The 2nd Seminole War

The Bank War How did Jackson feel about the Bank of the United States? The bank’s charter was set to expire in 1836 Henry Clay and Daniel Webster planned to have it recharted in 1832 instead. If Jackson vetoed it, they would use it to defeat him in the election of 1832

The Bank War Jackson did veto the recharter, however, it didn’t hurt his popularity. He won another big victory in the election of 1832 against Clay (Republican) This was the end of the Jeffersonian Republicans Later, they would help form the Whig party

Jackson’s Successors Jackson chose not to run in 1836 because of poor health Martin Van Buren (his VP) won What hurt his presidency? Panics of 1837 and 1839 which led to a depression These were caused by Jackson borrowing Fed money to start “pet banks” They “pet banks” printed too much money

Jackson’s Successors The Whigs chose William Henry Harrison Harrison ran on his popularity as a war hero instead of on issues He whooped Van Buren, but… He died a month into office of pneumonia

Jackson’s Successors John Tyler was Harrison’s VP, so he took over Tyler was chosen to run for VP because he was a southerner who could pull votes away from Van Buren Tyler favored states rights The Whigs didn’t expect him to actually be in charge!

Jackson’s Successors John Tyler: Tyler ended up working against his own party (the Whigs), so he didn’t actually get much done.