Learning Intention: 8.LS4.5 Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13 Learning Intention: 8.LS4.5 Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the technologies that have changed the way humans use artificial selection to influence the inheritance of desired traits in other organisms. Terms to Investigate artificial selection, inheritance, traits, and organisms Crosscutting Concepts Structure and Function, Cause and Effect Success Criteria/I Can Statement By the end of this unit I will be able to say... ...I can explain how humans use artificial selection.
What traits were selected for with these three animals? Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13 Selection ...process where traits are selected for or against resulting in these traits becoming more or less abundant. Natural Selection ...nature (not humans) “selects” the traits that are best fit for surviving and/or thriving in a specific environment. Artificial Selection ...the process by which humans breed (select) certain organisms in order to produce desirable traits in the offspring. A.K.A. selective breeding What traits were selected for with these three animals?
Artificial Selection/Selective Breeding Example: Plant (Wild Mustard) Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13 Artificial Selection/Selective Breeding Example: Plant (Wild Mustard)
Artificial Selection/Selective Breeding Example: Animal (Cows) Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13 Artificial Selection/Selective Breeding Example: Animal (Cows) Aurochs Holstein TX Longhorn European Oxen
Artificial Selection/Selective Breeding Example: Plant (Wheat and Corn) Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13 Wheat Corn
Artificial Selection Methods Advantages? Disadvantages? Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13 Artificial Selection Methods Inbreeding: production of offspring from mating/breeding parents that are genetically closely related. Advantages? Disadvantages? Inbred organisms are also called “Purebreds”
Artificial Selection Methods Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13 Artificial Selection Methods Hybridization: hybrids are produced from the mating of genetically differentiated parents. Advantages? Disadvantages? Liger Zebroid Zebroid: Hybrid cross from a male zebra and a female horse. Liger: Hybrid cross from a male lion and a female tiger.
Artificial Selection Methods Advantages? Disadvantages? Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13 Artificial Selection Methods Cloning: refers to the process of creating clones (copies) of organisms that have exactly the same genes as the organisms from which they are produced. Advantages? Disadvantages? Dolly the Sheep- 1996
Advantages? Disadvantages? Genetic Engineering: Genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another organism. (Includes gene therapy.) Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13 Advantages? Disadvantages? Glofish- Glow in the Dark fish have been inserted with a bioluminescent gene.
Other Artificial Selection Methods Video (5:05): Selective Breeding Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13 Other Artificial Selection Methods Linebreeding: is a type of inbreeding where offspring are produced from mating/breeding with closely related genetic lines. Advantages? Disadvantages? Outcrossing: production of offspring from parents that are not closely genetically related. Advantages? Disadvantages? Inducing Mutations: since mutations are an ultimate source of genetic diversity, sometimes breeders will induce mutations in order to increase diversity in a population. Advantages? Disadvantages? Video (5:05): Selective Breeding
Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13
Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13 .
Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13 .
Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13 .
Science 8th Grade Notes: Standard 13