Theoretical Models of Physical Activity Behaviour explain influences or determinants of PA explain the relationship between factors that lead to change and physical activity explain the conditions under which relationships with PA do and do not occur

Familiarise yourself with Table 2.7 on pg 58 of your text book Behavioural Change Behavioural Change is a complex process that involves the interaction of a number of variables Ecological models of PA reinforce the interplay of demographic, psychological, social and environment variables influencing PA behaviour Social ecological models of PA are characterised by multiple levels of influence on behaviour and an emphasis on environmental and policy influences Familiarise yourself with Table 2.7 on pg 58 of your text book

Multiple levels of influence 1. INDIVIDUAL (Intrapersonal) FACTORS Attitudes, behaviour, self concept, behavioural skills and knowledge Strategies include; Educational programs Support groups Organisational incentives Counselling Mass Media 2. SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT (Interpersonal) FACTORS Refers to the formal and informal social climate Provided by primary groups including; family, work group & friendship circle Examples include; Sharing transport to sport, Encouraging someone to be active Interpersonal relationships with family, friends, work colleagues and neighbours Social relationships provide emotional support and opportunities to take on various roles, meet new people and fulfil meaningful social and personal responsibilities.

Multiple levels of influence 3. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Natural and constructed environments Natural features can create an attractive environment to be active in Constructed features refer to gyms, ovals, court areas, grandstands, changing facilities and amenities & pools Built environment includes changes to terrain eg. Walking tracks & cycling paths Strategies to promote PA include; improving accessibility, building new recreation areas 4. ORGANISATIONAL AND POLICY CHANGE Organisational characteristics of social institutions including rules, regulations, guidelines and governance of operation Organisations provide the opportunity to access large groups of people and can provide social support for behaviour change Organisational Intervention Strategies include; creating incentives for people to become active Staff benefits eg. Gym membership Change structure of the working day Promote staff group activities Create links with health enhancing organisations

4. ORGANISATIONAL AND POLICY CHANGE cont.... Copy Figure 2.9 on page 63 of your text book into your workbooks 4. ORGANISATIONAL AND POLICY CHANGE cont.... Policy intervention strategies Employees being paid an extra $500 a year if they use a gym or personal trainer Can incorporate local, state and national laws and policies eg. Vic schools must allocate 100 minutes of PE and 100 minutes of sport for years 7 – 10. An example of state law is the introduction of 40km/h speed zones around schools to increase safety for pedestrians and cyclists. An example of local policies include schools allowing students to use the gym at lunchtimes

Tailoring social-ecological models Social-ecological models need to be tailor made for each behaviour or health conditions Different populations require different implementation strategies, eg. Children and adults will perform different physical activities in different settings using different equipment. EXAMPLE: The social-ecological model used in the Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls Read through the example on page 66 of your text book