Contemporary Moral Issue

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Presentation transcript:

Contemporary Moral Issue

Instructor: George Belic Email: belic@ufl.edu Meetings: MTWRF period 7 (5-6:15pm) Office: Griffin Floyd, Room 100 Office Hrs: W, F 4-5pm or by appointment Website: http://grove.ufl.edu/~belic

What is Philosophy? Subject matter of philosophy: the most general and most fundamental knowledge about the world Examples of Philosophical Claims There are things in the world Humans have free will We know something about the world Abortion is wrong Pleasure and pain constitute moral properties

Areas of Western Philosophy Metaphysics: What is the world made of? What kinds of things are there in our world? Freewill: do we have freewill? Philosophy of Religion: does God exists? Epistemology: What justifies our knowledge about the world? Political Philosophy: What is the justification of government? What is the best form of government? What is social justice? Ethics: How should we act and live? What moral standards should we live by? Is abortion morally justified? Euthanasia? Capital Punishment? Killing of Animals?

Ethics / Moral Philosophy Ethics is best defined by a list of concepts investigated (its subject matter) and the way it is studied Concepts: Good, bad, evil Virtuous, non-virtuous Malicious, Well-intentioned, Obligatory, Prohibited, Permitted Moral, Immoral Should, Shouldn’t / Ought, Ought not.

Descriptive vs. Normative Science is descriptive – it investigates and describes facts as they actually are What is the relationship between mass and acceleration? How does the human mind react to water-boarding? Ethics is normative – study of principles, rules and theories that guide our actions not about how we actually behave but about how we ought to behave) Is water boarding morally permitted? If so, in what situations? Descriptive ethics – a descriptive study of moral believes and practices (anthropology, sociology, psychology)

Levels of Ethical Theorizing Applied Ethics Is abortion morally justified? Is capital punishment wrong? Theories of Ethics What is morality in general? What is it to be moral? What makes goodness good? Utilitarianism, Virtue Ethics, Deontological Ethics Meta-Ethics What kind of thing is goodness? Is it spatio-temporal? What makes goodness normative? Study of relationship between morality and the rest of the world