Cellular Respiration Chapter 9 in your book

Warm Up 1. What types of activities require energy? 2. Are you using energy right now? 3. How do you get energy? 4. What happens when you run out of energy? 5. What type of energy do we need?

Cell Energy Cell Energy- Cells store and use energy in the form of ATP.

Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is the basic energy source for all cells. ATP consists of adenine, a 5-carbon sugar called ribose and three phosphate groups.

The three phosphate groups are VERY important to ATP’s ability to store and release energy. ATP is similar to a fully charged battery ready to power the machinery of the cell. ATP fuels most cell activities, including muscle movement, protein synthesis, cell division and nerve signal transmission.

When the cell needs energy it is able to get a quick burst of it by simply removing the third phosphate group from ATP.

ADP is a compound that looks just like ATP except that it has two phosphate groups instead of three. ADP is similar to a partially charged battery. ADP is used for energy storage but can create ATP by adding a phosphate group.

Cells can make ATP from ADP as needed by using energy in foods like glucose.

1. Alcoholic Fermentation is most commonly seen by looking at the ATP production by yeast (a fungus)

The fermentation of sugar by yeast produces carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol. These ingredients are used to make many foods. In baking, yeast releases carbon dioxide- which is what adds holes or air bubbles to your bread. The alcohol produced by yeast is utilized in brewing.

2. Lactic Acid Fermentation: the method of ATP production that occurs in the cells of your muscles when oxygen runs out.

When you are exercising really hard your muscle cells use up lots of ATP which needs to be replaced.

When oxygen runs out (aerobic respiration can no longer continue) the cells begin to produce ATP through lactic acid fermentation. Lactic Acid is the product, which builds up in your muscles. This can create a painful feeling which you may feel during intense exercise.

Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration ATP made… (color code red) ….in Glycolysis= 4 ….in Krebs Cycle= (if applicable) 2 n/a ….in Electron Transport Chain= 32 …in Fermentation= TOTAL ATP MADE: 38 TOTAL ATP USED: (color-code in Blue) NET ATP MADE: (Total Made-Total Used) 36

C. Aerobic Respiration Chemical Equation 6O2 + C6 H12O6 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP Oxygen + Glucose -> Carbon Dioxide +Water + Energy