Reformation: a movement for religious reform

When should you speak up when something is wrong When should you speak up when something is wrong? How far would you take it? You see a student being bullied at school? You see someone littering? You see a group of people being unjustly accused/harassed The Government is unfairly taxing you, thus you are losing money

When should you speak up when something is wrong When should you speak up when something is wrong? How far would you take it? You see a city unfairly running their government? You know someone is printing lies in the newspaper/news? Your church is not following their own philosophies?

The Catholic Church Before the Reformation the Catholic Church was known as “The Church” because it was the only Christian Church… “The Church” was the primary unifying force between countries in medieval Western Europe. Take Notes!

John Calvin Martin Luther Henry the VIII Reformation Leaders: Take Notes!

Causes Social: humanism led people to ? Church and printing press Political: monarchs challenging churches and popes power Economic: King jealous of churches wealth and Merchants angry with paying church tax Religious: Leaders corrupt and didn’t like leaders actions (drinking, having kids and poorly educational) or selling indulgences (pardons)…they were accused of being too concerned with power and riches and not concerned enough about God. Take Notes!

Martin Luther Started in Germany Wrote the 95 Theses criticizing a friar Johann Tetzel for selling indulgence; thus buying his way into heaven This lead to the Reformation movement

Luther’s 3 main ideas/teachings 1) People win salvation only by good work and God’s forgiveness 2) All teachings should be based from the Bible 3) All people of faith were equal Luther was shocked how quickly his ideas spread Take Notes!

Consequences Luther was threatened excommunication from church if he didn’t take back his statement Luther was cheered as he threw the threat in the fire; thus was excommunicated Stood trial, declared an outlaw, and books burned None of this mattered because is words were already out and even created a separate religion called Lutherans

Germany divided Some German princes supported the church and some didn’t (became known as protestant) This bringing Germany into a war End result: Peace of Augsburg: decided each ruler could decide the religion of his state

John Calvin John Calvin was an influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism. Originally trained as a humanist lawyer, he broke from the Roman Catholic Church around 1530.

England becomes Protestant Take Notes! Henry wanted a boy…so he married 6 wives…and destroyed the power of the catholic church in England as a consequence. Catherine of Aragon (marriage annulled; died while detained under guard at Kimbolton Castle); Anne Boleyn (executed); Jane Seymour (died days after giving birth, widely believed to be following birth complications); Anne of Cleves (marriage annulled); Catherine Howard (executed); Catherine Parr (widowed).

Henry’s Consequences Divorced 1st wife Catherine Anne gave birth to a daughter Elizabeth 3rd wife, Jane, gave birth to a son Edward and died two weeks later Next three wives produced no kids Henry dies and Edward (protestant) rules at the age of nine to 15 with Mary taking over (Catholic) then she dies and Elizabeth takes the throne (protestant)

Henry’s Consequences Take Notes! The Reformation in England was caused by the political need of Henry VIII and his desire to remove the Church of England from Rome’s authority…because he wanted a male heir. This gave more power to the Monarchy because it took power from the Catholic Church. Henry Henry Henry!