MATTER Class Notes.

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Presentation transcript:

MATTER Class Notes

Matter What is matter? Anything that has mass and takes up space.

States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Matter that has a definite shape and volume; particles are close together and slow moving Liquid Matter that flows, has a fixed volume, and takes the shape of its container; particles are farther apart and faster moving. Gas Matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container; particles are spread out within its container and the fastest moving.

Phase Changes Solid to a Liquid Liquid to a Gas Solid to a Gas Melting Liquid to a Gas Boiling or evaporation Solid to a Gas Sublimation Gas to a Liquid Condensation Liquid to a Solid Freezing Gas to a Solid Deposition

Physical & Chemical Changes Physical change: alters a given material without changing its chemical composition. Ex: bending, breaking, cutting, etc. Chemical change: alters the chemical composition of the substance Ex: a new substance is formed or one is destroyed.

Evidence of a chemical change Gas is formed Solid is formed (precipitate) Temperature change Color change Smell change

Classifying Mixtures What is a mixture? A physical blend of two or more substances. Two types of mixtures: Heterogeneous - not uniform in composition Homogeneous - completely uniform in composition

Solutions Another name for a homogeneous mixture is a solution. Solutions can be any of the three phases: solid, liquid, or gas.

Pure Substance (homogenous) Mixture of substances MATTER Pure Substance (homogenous) Mixture of substances Physically Separable Homogeneous Mixture (solution) Compound (water & iron sulfide) Element (iron, sulfur, carbon) Heterogeneous Mixture Chemically Separable

Which of these boxes can be a mixture? Which of these boxes can be a pure substance? Which of these boxes can be homogeneous? Which of these boxes can be heterogeneous? Which of these boxes can be a solution? Which of these boxes can be a solid? Which of these boxes is an element? Which of these boxes is a compound? Which of these boxes can be a gas?