Solubility Notes

Solution A solution is a type of mixture, called a homogeneous mixture, that is the same throughout

Solute A solute is a substance that is dissolved to make a solution; sugar can be a solute

Solvent A solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute. Example – the coffee will dissolve the sugar cubes; coffee is a solvent

Solubility A measure of how much of one substance dissolves in a given amount of another substance at a given temperature

High Solubility A large amount of a substance can dissolve in another substance it is said that it has high solubility Example – ammonia (a household chemical) is a solution of ammonia in water; a large amount of ammonia can dissolve in water, giving it high solubility

Low Solubility When small amounts of a substance will dissolve in water Example – only a small amount of carbon dioxide will dissolve in water, so carbon dioxide has low solubility

Insoluble When a substance will NOT dissolve in water Example – Oils do not dissolve in water, so oils are said to be insoluble in water

Saturated Solutions Saturated solutions contain the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in the solvent at a given temperature Solute = highly soluble, solution will be concentrated (VERY sweet tea) Solute = low solubility, solution will be dilute (watered down orange juice)

Temperature An increase in temperature on solid solutes = Dissolve more quickly Greater amount can be dissolved An increase in temperature on gases = Less soluble in water Example – when you boil water, you can see the tiny bubbles that rise to the surface, any air that is dissolved in water comes out of the solution

Temperature and Solubility Solute Increased Temperature Decreased Temperature Solid Increase in solubility Decrease in solubility Gas