Present Perfect - Use 7.2

Present Perfect - Use What is the difference? SIMPLE PAST I closed my book five minutes ago. I have closed my book. She didn’t transfer at Elm Street. She hasn’t transferred. Did you get your birth certificate yesterday? Have you gotten your birth certificate? I drank many fluids last week. Have you drunk your medicine? My niece felt dizzy on the bus. I haven’t felt dizzy, no.

Present Perfect - Use Her baby hasn’t spoken yet. Have you put away your toys? I haven’t rinsed my hair – I need 5 more minutes! My mother-in-law hasn’t gotten home yet. I have already emptied the trash, so you can relax. She hasn’t exercised – she exercises at 9:30 PM and it’s only 5.

Present Perfect 1. We use the present perfect when we don’t know the time. I have matched the items, but I haven’t filled in the blanks yet. We have discussed the problem, but we haven’t brainstormed solutions.

Present Perfect 2. We use the present perfect if you can repeat it (even with time). It’s 11:30 AM. Have you seen our instructor this morning? It’s 1:00 PM. Did you see our instructor this morning?

Present Perfect This means: He has died. (uncommon) He died. (common) The baby has been born. X The baby was born. 

Present Perfect 3. We use it with these words: ALREADY/YET EVER/NEVER BEFORE (Since/for) She has already drawn a picture. Have you left home yet? Have you ever set a goal? I have never gotten good grades. I haven’t made dinner before.

Present Perfect ALREADY/YET already = surprising because you were fast yet = negative/question It’s 5:30 AM, but I have already eaten breakfast! Our test is in 20 minutes, but I haven’t studied yet. Have you gone home yet?

Present Perfect EVER/NEVER Never is very uncommon with questions! Ever is for questions and negative. Have you ever seen a bear? X Have you never seen a bear? I have never eaten meat. X I have ever eaten meat.

Present Perfect BEFORE Like ever/never. Goes after object! It’s a time signal! She hasn’t taken a plane before. I have seen him before. They haven’t washed the windows before.

Present Perfect (Since/for) Many rules. We’ll talk about these words tomorrow.

Present Perfect - Use We use the present perfect with: Actions without times Actions that can repeat 100% (including time) Adverbs: Already/yet Ever/never Before (since/for)