Washington’s Presidency Mrs. Harrelson U.S. History TEACHERPRESS.OCPS.NET/LAKEVIEWSS8

Precedents- The Cabinet -Set up three departments, and the office of Attorney General. -State Department: Thomas Jefferson, handles relations with other nations. -Department of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton, to manage the nation's money. -Department of War Secretary: Henry Knox, oversee the nation's defense. -Attorney General: Edmund Randolph to address the government’s legal affairs

Precedents: court systems Judiciary Act of 1789: Established a federal court system. The federal courts had the power to reverse state decisions. First step in creating a strong and independent national judicial system. Supreme Court has final authority John Jay appointed first Supreme Court Chief Justice

Precedents: bill of rights First Ten Amendment: It would guarantee civil liberties. Limits the power of government. It protects individual liberty, including freedom of speech and the rights of people accused of crimes. The Tenth Amendment says that any power not listed in the Constitution belongs to the states or the people.

The economy Revolution resulted in severe economic problems Alexander Hamilton was in charge to fix the financial problems U.S. needed a way to borrow money for its government and economy Hamilton proposed the federal government should pay off the states’ debts from the war He thinks this will get people to trust the strong central government States complained about having to pay off other states’ debt Solution: Moving the nation’s capital to the south…..establishing Washington D.C.

The economy National Bank: Would hold government funds and make debt payments. It would also issue a single form of money for use throughout the nation. 

The Whiskey Rebellion 1791 Congress passed a tax on the manufacture and sale of whiskey, a type of alcohol made from grain, angering farmers  An armed mob attacked tax collectors and burned down buildings The government viewed it as a challenge to the power. Washington sent federal troops to meet the challenge.

Native American conflicts American settlers ignored the treaties and moved onto lands promised to Native Americans. 794 the British urged Native Americans to destroy American settlements west of the Appalachians. Native Americans demanded that settlers who were living north of the Ohio River leave the area. The Battle of Fallen Timbers, near present-day Toledo, Ohio, crushed the Native Americans. Forced to surrender their lands in Ohio.

European conflicts In the war between France and Britain, (1793) Washington hoped that the United States could stay neutral. The British captured American ships that traded with the French. Then, they forced the American crews into the British navy.  Jay's Treaty: In the treaty, the British agreed to withdraw from American soil. There was no mention of impressment or British interference with American trade.

Washington’s farewell and the first political parties “Observe good faith and justice toward all nations. . . . It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances." ~ George Washington. These parting words influenced the nation's foreign policy for more than 100 years. Washington also warned against something he saw as a growing threat to the young nation: political parties

The first political parties Washington disapproved of political parties, or "factions" as they were known. He warned that they would divide the nation. Federalists: led by Hamilton, this group favored a strong federal government. They believed the Constitution gave government "implied" powers. Democratic-Republicans, (Republicans) stood against the Federalists. Jefferson and Madison led this faction. They believed in a strict reading of the Constitution.