Past Perfect

Past Perfect I got on the train to school this morning, but I had forgotten to add credit to my OV-card. As soon as I entered the train, a conductor stopped me and gave me a fine. Then, when I arrived at school, I realized I hadn’t been wearing any pants. I forgot them, because I hadn’t slept at all. I noticed a wizard had been following me all morning, when he tapped me on the shoulder. Suddenly, the school bell rang and I woke up.

Past Perfect Simple Refer to a time earlier than now, one event happened before another in the past. Doesn’t matter which event is mentioned first, the used tense makes this clear. Past Present Future

Past Perfect Simple A sentence using the PPS consists of two events Event A & Event B Event A happened first Event A Event B John had gone out When I arrived in the office. I had forgotten to add credit When I got on the train. When they arrived We had already started cooking. He was very tired Because he hadn’t slept well.

Past Perfect Simple How do we form it? Composed of two parts The past tense of the verb to have (had) + the past participle of the main verb She had given He hadn’t asked Had they arrived?

Past Perfect Simple ‘Just’ is used in combination with the PPS Refers to an event that was only a short time earlier than now. The train had just left when I arrived at the station She had just left the room when the police arrived

Past Perfect Continuous We use the past perfect continuous to talk about an action or situation that was happening in the past before another action or time. Past Present Future

Past Perfect Continuous A sentence using the PPC consists of two events Event A & Event B Event A gets interrupted by Event B Event A Event B A wizard had been following me all morning When he tapped me on the shoulder I had been shopping When my mother called me When my father arrived I had been sleeping.

Past Perfect Continuous How do we form it? It is made up of three components A form of to have in the past + been + full verb(+ ing)