SYSTEMS IN PLANTS Plants are eukaryotes with 2 special features: usually green cannot move from place to place. Flowering plants have two main “body systems:” the root system and the shoot system. These work together to keep the plant alive: exchanging gases with its surroundings moving water and nutrients around internally reproducing

4.1 SYSTEMS IN PLANTS Root System: part of the plant that grows underground anchors the plant, absorbs water and minerals from the soil, and stores food. Shoot System: made up of three parts: the leaf, the flower, and the stem. Leaf: where photosynthesis takes place. Chloroplasts in the leaves use carbon dioxide, water, and light energy to produce glucose and oxygen. light energy + carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen chlorophyll

SYSTEMS IN PLANTS 2. Flowers: contain male or female reproductive parts Male parts produce pollen grains. Female parts produce eggs. After eggs are fertilized by pollen, seeds form within a specialized structure called a fruit. 3. Stem: supports the plant’s leaves and flowers, and provides a way to transport the materials the plant needs.

PLANT TISSUE SYSTEMS Similar to stem cells in animals, meristematic cells are undifferentiated plant cells that can form any kind of specialized tissue. Plant tissues classified into three tissue systems, each containing a variety of specialized cell types that carry out specific functions within the plant. Meristematic Tissue

3 Plant Tissue Systems The three major tissue systems of plants are dermal vascular ground

1. Dermal Tissue outmost layer of a plant. covers leaves, stem, and roots of a plant.

2. Vascular Tissue network of tubes from the roots up the stalk to the leaves roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil transported them to parts of plant where needed two types: Xylem: carries water and minerals from the roots to rest of plant. Water moves through the tubes in one direction.

Phloem: transports sugars produced during photosynthesis also other nutrients and hormones food materials may be transported in either direction: - down from photosynthesizing leaves to stem and roots - upward from the root and stem to the leaves. Life | eLearning

3. Ground Tissue filler between the dermal and the vascular tissues. function depends on location within the plant in green parts of the plants, manufacture nutrients by photosynthesis. In stems, they provide storage and support. In roots, they store carbohydrates.