An Egr-1 master switch for arteriogenesis: Studies in Egr-1 homozygous negative and wild-type animals  Cristian Sorin Sarateanu, MD, Mauricio A. Retuerto,

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An Egr-1 master switch for arteriogenesis: Studies in Egr-1 homozygous negative and wild-type animals  Cristian Sorin Sarateanu, MD, Mauricio A. Retuerto, BS, James T. Beckmann, BS, Leslie McGregor, BS, JoAnn Carbray, BS, Gerald Patejunas, PhD, Lina Nayak, Jeffrey Milbrandt, MD, Todd K. Rosengart, MD  The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  Volume 131, Issue 1, Pages 138-145 (January 2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.08.052 Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Quantitative analysis of perfusion index, calculated as described in the Methods section. Note near normalization (index approximately 1) of perfusion in AdEgr-treated animals at day 21. AdEgr-1, Adenoviral vector encoding for Egr-1; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; AdNull, noncoding vector. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006 131, 138-145DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.08.052) Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Laser Doppler perfusion imaging at days 7 and 21 after excision. Low or no blood perfusion is displayed as dark blue, and the highest perfusion level is displayed as red. Note early reconstitution of flow in AdEgr-1–treated animals and near equalization at day 21. PBS, Phosphate-buffered saline; AdNull, noncoding vector; AdEgr-1, adenoviral vector encoding for Egr-1. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006 131, 138-145DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.08.052) Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Top, Representative lesions as seen 21 days after excision: a, healed pressure sores, soft tissue loss trace without scab (2+); b, nonhealed pressure sores, partial thickness and skin loss covered with scab (3+); c, necrosis of the tips of the toes (4+); and d, gangrene with amputation of phalanges-toes (5+). Please see the Methods section for details. Bottom, Distribution of lesions between groups. AdEgr, adenoviral vector encoding for Egr. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006 131, 138-145DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.08.052) Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Density of arterioles and capillaries in ligated rat hind limb 21 days after specified treatments, as identified with smooth muscle cell actin (A) and lectin stains (B), respectively. SMA, Smooth muscle actin; Egr, early growth response gene (Ad transfer). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006 131, 138-145DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.08.052) Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Photomicrographs of arterioles and capillaries in ligated rat hind limbs after specified treatments, as identified by smooth muscle cell actin (A) and lectin stains (L), respectively. Top panels, adenoviral vector encoding for Egr-1 (AdEgr); middle panels, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS); bottom panels, noncoding vectors (AdNull). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006 131, 138-145DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.08.052) Copyright © 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions