FOG 5 Unit 17 Infinitives p. 285.

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Presentation transcript:

FOG 5 Unit 17 Infinitives p. 285

What is procrastination? What are the dangers of procrastination? Do you ever procrastinate? If so, in what situations?

Infinitive as Subject Infinitive (Subject) Verb Object To procrastinate causes a lot of problems. Not to go ahead proved a mistake. *Formal

Infinitive as object Subject Verb Infinitive (object) Not everyone wants to procrastinate. He decided not to go ahead.

Infinitive as subject complement Verb Infinitive (subject complement) His job is to motivate people. Their real intention not to succeed.

It + Infinitive It Be Adjective For/of + noun/pronoun Infinitive is foolish for Alice/her to procrastinate. was wrong of Hal/him not to go ahead. *More common

Verbs followed by infinitives (Noun/ Pronoun) Infinitive They decided-hoped-neglected, etc. - to call. convinced-told-urged, etc. Steve/him expected-needed-wanted, etc. (Steve/him)

Adjectives followed by infinitives Hal is reluctant to complete his work on time. He’s careful not to make mistakes. They’re happy to hear the test has been postponed. afraid, amazed, excited, fortunate, glad, happy, important, likely, proud, reluctant, sorry, and willing

Nouns followed by infinitives He can always think of reasons to put off studying. It seems like the thing to do. She always shows reluctance to finish a job. *Expresses advisability or necessity

Too-enough with infinitives Too + adjective/adverb Infinitive The project is too complicated to finish on time. Alice types too slowly to meet the deadline. Adjective/adverb + enough Infinitive Steve is intelligent enough to understand the situation. He didn’t call quickly enough to get the job. Enough + noun Infinitive They have enough intelligence to pass the test. intelligence enough

Active and Passive Infinitives Active infinitives Passive infinitives Simple past She plans to invite them. They expect to be invited. She was glad to have invited them. They were happy to have been invited. Use a past infinitive (to + have + past participle) to show an action occurred before the main verb. You seem to have forgotten the report that was due today.

Change in meaning with infinitive or gerund Verb Gerund/ infinitive Meaning Sentence Forget Gerund Memory I’ll never forget driving for the first time. Infinitive Task I forgot to do my homework. Remember I can’t remember taking my vitamins. I remembered to take my vitamins today. Stop Quit I stopped smoking. Purpose I stopped (working) to smoke. Regret Past action I regret telling her my secret. Bad news I regret to tell you that you must pay the fine. Try New approach Try opening the door. Effort I tried to open the door.