Evidence for nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOP) but not µ (MOP), δ (DOP) or κ (KOP) opioid receptor mRNA in whole human blood  M. Al-Hashimi, J. McDonald, J.P. Thompson, D.G. Lambert  British Journal of Anaesthesia  Volume 116, Issue 3, Pages 423-429 (March 2016) DOI: 10.1093/bja/aev540 Copyright © 2016 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Expression of NOP receptor transcripts in mRNA extracted from whole blood samples treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 5 µg ml−1, Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan (PepG) 20 µg ml−1, fentanyl (F) 10 µM, and morphine (M) 10 µM in the combinations shown. Data presented as the fold change relative to vehicle control (media). *Samples are statistically different from the plain sample using a Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons test. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2016 116, 423-429DOI: (10.1093/bja/aev540) Copyright © 2016 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 (a) The QPCR amplification plot in whole blood RNA using TaqMan probes targeting the DOP receptor, amplification in both reverse transcribed (RT) and non-RT samples can be seen, and the equivalent gel confirms both product presence and size. (b) Gel electrophoresis for the PCR products from endpoint PCR using STD-1 primer pairs pre- and post-validation, in which annealing temperatures and primer concentrations were optimised. (c) Gel electrophoresis of PCRs using STD-1 primer pairs under authenticated conditions in RNA from whole blood samples. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2016 116, 423-429DOI: (10.1093/bja/aev540) Copyright © 2016 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions