Entry Level Science Chemistry in our world You will learn about Fossil fuels (e.g. crude oil): What are fossil fuels How fossil fuels are formed How and why people use fossil fuels Why burning fossil fuels may harm the environment

Crude oil, coal and gas are fossil fuels. What are fossils fuels? Crude oil, coal and gas are fossil fuels.

What are fossils fuels used for? To make energy for our homes, transport etc What are fossils fuels used for? Video http://bpes.bp.com/primary-resources/science/ages-7-to-9/electricity/fossil-fuels-resources/

Where do fossil fuels come from? Oil and gas formation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8YHsxXEVB1M

Where does the energy come from? The energy stored in the fossil fuels originally came from sunlight. Plants used light energy from the Sun for photosynthesis to make their chemicals.

Where do fossil fuels come from? dead marine organisms Where do fossil fuels come from? Crude oil is a mixture of compounds found in underground deposits https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZ1HIBIIJU0 (Where do we get oil from?)

Summary: Fossil fuels Crude oil, gas and coal are fossil fuels Humans burn fossil fuels to make energy They were formed over millions of years, from the remains of dead organisms: coal was formed from dead trees and other plant material crude oil and gas were formed from dead marine organisms Fossil fuels are found in underground deposits Energy companies drill underground to get fossil fuels out

Can we use fossil fuels forever? Fossil fuels are non-renewable. They took a very long time to form and we are using them up faster than they can be replaced - once they have all been used up, they cannot be replaced. Fossil fuels are also finite resources. They are no longer being made or are being made extremely slowly.

What happens when we use fossil fuels? Effects of fossil fuels. Climate change Greenhouse effect Some heat energy from the Earth’s surface escapes into space. If too much heat energy escaped, the planet would be very cold. However some gases in the atmosphere can trap escaping heat energy, causing some of it to pass back to the surface. These are called greenhouse gases, and they keep our planet warm, which is a good thing. Carbon dioxide is an important greenhouse gas.

Effects of fossil fuels Increasing carbon dioxide levels Humans burn fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas. The energy released is used to power cars and other machines, to generate electricity, and to keep buildings warm. The burning fuel releases waste gases, including carbon dioxide. As the human population increases, more fuel is used, and more carbon dioxide is released. Global warming The extra carbon dioxide increases the greenhouse effect. More heat is trapped by the atmosphere, causing the planet to become warmer than it would be naturally. The increase in global temperature this causes is called global warming. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqxMzKLYrZ4 (Global warming for kids 6 min)

What happens when we use fossil fuels What happens when we use fossil fuels? Are there any other disadvantages? Smog Smoke from burning fuels makes buildings turn black. With other waste chemicals in the air, it can form smog. This makes the air hazy, especially over large towns and cities. The polluted air can make it difficult to breathe. Acid rain Acidic gases such as sulphur dioxide are produced when fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas burn. Sulfur dioxide dissolves in the clouds and causes acid rain. This damages buildings, trees and harms life in rivers and lakes. It also causes chemical weathering of rocks to happen much faster than normal. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sAKyhfxxr7s (Air pollution video 5 min)

Summary: Effects of burning Fossil fuels Fossil fuels are non-renewable. Fossil fuels are also finite resources. Burning fossil fuels : Increases carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide levels Causes climate change and global warming Increases pollution e.g. smog and acid rain

Interactive games https://www.brainpop.com/games/earthsfossilfuels/ http://bpes.bp.com/primary-resources/science/ages-7-to-9/electricity/fossil-fuels- resources/