The Second Revolution

Background (1st revolution) National Assembly: Abolition of special privileges: Tithe, guild restrictions on trade, class distinction Declaration of Rights of Man: Men are born free, all citizens entitled to a voice in making laws Financial: Seized church land, sold land to peasants cheaply Religious: Civil Constitution of the Clergy: Clergy were paid by gov, church is organ of gov

Background (1st revolution) National Assembly: Constitution of 1791: Limited monarchy, legislative assembly passes laws, Assembly members were landowners elected by taxpayers N.A. opposed by Girondists, Jacobins both favored a republic N.A. opposed by Louis XVI, devout Catholics, French nobles, foreign monarchs- in favor of old regime Austria and Prussia invade France in 1792

Start of the 2nd revolution As Austria and Prussia gained ground, the kings loyalties were suspect…Assembly refuses to act August 10, 1792- Parisians, incited by Jacobin club radicals, storm the royal palace at the Tuileries and capture the king Assembly lost power and the National Convention is elected to draw up new constitution and put Louis on trial…heads role. Establishment of the First Republic of France

Political Factions Jacobin club Parisian radicals Helped organize the storming of the royal palace Controlled the National Convention Further divided into two groups: Girondins, Mountain

Political Factions Girondins The Mountain The Plain Moderate deputies of the convention Resisted Parisian radicalism Called the Mountain tyrants Advocated provincial liberty and laissez-faire economics The Mountain Radicals from Paris Called the Girondins weak and compromising Included Marat and Robespierre The Plain In the middle

Crisis Hits Crises: Invasion, civil war, and failing economy Reaction: Military draft, fixed bread prices, Sans-Cullottes get Girondins expelled from Convention, Law of Maximums and Law of Suspects

The Convention drafts a new, radically democratic constitution in 1793 but it is suspended until peace is achieved All authority given to Robespierre and the Comite de Salut Public - The Committee of Public Safety All those rights of man and stuff…? Suspended until the end of the Revolution Robespierre’s Justification of terror