PHED 1 Applied Physiology Energy Balance AS PE PHED 1 Applied Physiology Energy Balance

Energy Balance- AS PE We need to eat to obtain enough energy to complete our daily tasks We have to keep pace with our body’s metabolism – Basal Metabolic Rate We must meet the energy needs of our level of physical activity

Key point: The amount of energy a person needs depends on their level of physical activity and their body weight The more active = the more they can consume (food) without gaining weight.

Percentage body fat: The proportion of body fat to lean body tissue (muscles, bones and organs) Need to balance your intake with expenditure Any food taken in that is not burnt off will be stored as body fat

Body Fat Excess, unused energy stored as fat Lean (bones, tissue, organs) Body Mass Body fat On average: Men have 10 – 20% body fat Women have 15 – 25%

Ways to measure body fat Skinfold Bioelectric impedance – What is this? Use book. Water displacement – water out? VLE Handout

Obesity A condition in which excessive fat accumulation in tissue impairs health Above 40% body fat Linked to type 2 diabetes Heart Disease Stroke (blocked blood vessels) Hypertension (Cholesterol, HDL, LDL) Linked to some cancers

BMI Body mass Index: Indication of height to weight ratio Divide your weight (kg) by your height (m) then divide the answer by your height again to get your BMI If you weigh 70kg and you're 1.75m tall, divide 70 by 1.75. The answer is 40. Then divide 40 by 1.75. The answer is 22.9. This is your BMI. Obese is a BMI of 25 or above (Fig 2.1 of text book – page 18)