Elements and Compounds Chapter 3.4

Elements Elements are pure substances that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical or physical means Elements occur naturally in nature Some elements are synthetic (meaning they are man made) All elements appear on the periodic table of elements Each element has a unique chemical name and symbol The symbol’s first letter is CAPITAL and second letter is lower case What are some elements that you know?

Periodic Table The periodic table is organized into groups or families and periods. Groups or families are vertical columns Periods are the horizontal rows. Gr ou p s Periods

Compounds Compounds are combinations of two or more elements that are chemically combined Compounds can be separated into their elements only by chemical means Over 10 million known compounds What are some compounds you know? Salt Water Baking Soda

Elements vs. Compounds Element Compound Is made up of elements Can be separated into parts Millions of different compounds Fast to discover Made by combining elements Is a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances 110 total elements Slow to discover new elements

Mixture matter Element Pure substance Compound Heterogeneous Homogeneous

Common elements and their symbols Oxygen O Sodium Na Chlorine Cl Hydrogen H Carbon C Copper Cu Sulfur S FUNKY ELEMENT SYMBOLS English Symbol Latin Antimony Sb Stibium Gold Au Aurum Copper Cu Cuprum Iron Fe Ferrum Lead Pb Plumbum Mercury Hg Hydragyrum Potassium K Kalium Silver Ag Argentum Sodium Na Natrium Tin Sn Stannum Tungsten W Wolfram

matter Pure substance Compound Element Mixture Heterogeneous Homogeneous On a white paper you need to use pictures from magazines or catalogs to replicate this chart. Next to each picture, or on the back, describe how the picture represents each concept. Ex: if I use a picture of a chocolate chip cookie for heterogeneous my description would be ‘a chocolate chip cookie represents a heterogeneous mixture because there are two different compounds visible.’