Do Now: Define the following words on your vocabulary sheet: Constants Covalent Bond Dependent Variable Elements Hydrogen Bond Hypothesis Independent Variable Ionic Bond Problem Statement

Acids and Bases

When we think of acids and bases, we tend to think of chemistry lab acids and bases like But we are surrounded by acids and bases in the world. Most of them are weak.

Acids cause… Lemons to be sour

Acids cause… Cavities in your teeth

acids Turn blue litmus paper red

acids form hydrogen ions (H+) in water

Taste bitter Feel slippery Don’t react w/ carbonates bases

Bases turn red litmus paper blue.

bases form hydroxide (OH-) ions in water

strengths of acids & bases refers to how well an acid or base separates into ions in water

pH scale ranges from 0 – 14 pH < 7 acid pH = 7 neutral pH > 7 base pH Scale song

Strength of Acids & Bases Very Acidic = 0 < pH < 3 Slightly Acidic = 3.1 < pH < 6.9 Very Basic = 12 < pH < 14 Slightly Basic = 7.1 < pH < 11.9

neutralization reaction between an acid & base produces water & a salt an ionic compound

Check for understanding Bleach has a pH of 12.5, which means that it is ________________ a. slightly acidic. c. slightly basic. b. very acidic. d. very basic.

acid or base? tastes sour forms hydroxide ions in water pH= 8 reacts with metals to produce H gas feels slippery turns red litmus paper blue

Acids & Bases A reaction between an acid and a base is a __ reaction. The pH of a neutral solution is __. The products formed when a base reacts with an acid are __ and __. The symbol for a hydrogen ion is __ and the symbol for a hydroxide ion is___.