Pure Substances and Mixtures

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Presentation transcript:

Pure Substances and Mixtures

Review from Last Class… Correct Side 2 of Pure Substances worksheet (702) Elements Project *Pass Back Corrected Assignments/Quizzes *Missing Assignments Reports (702)

Mixtures

Mixtures Two or more pure substances or elements NOT chemical combined (Physically mixed) No reaction between the substances

Mixtures Cont’d Mixtures can be separated into their components by chemical or physical means The properties of a mixture are similar to the properties of its components.

Mixtures Homogeneous Mixture: mixtures that have two or more components that appear like only ONE substance (Solutions, alloys etc)

Solutions Solutions are homogeneous mixtures in which two pure substances are mixed together They have the following properties Well-mixed (uniform) – single phase Homogeneous Transparent cannot be separated by filtering do not separate on standing

States of matter in solution Example of solutions gas in gas air ( N2, O2 , Ar, CO2 , other gases) gas in liquid soda pop (CO2 in water) liquid in liquid gasoline (a mixture of hydrocarbon compounds) solid in liquid Filtrated sea water ( NaCl and other salts in water) gas in solid H2 in platinum or palladium liquid in solid dental amalgams (mercury in silver) solid in solid alloys ( brass, (Cu/Zn), sol-der (Sn/Pb), Steel (Fe/C ))

Mixtures Heterogeneous Mixture: mixtures that have two or more components that remain VISIBLE even after they are mixed (Ex: Colloids, suspensions)

Heterogeneous Mixtures The components are not evenly distributed Has two or more phases that are usually detectable (parts you can see)

Colloids Non-transparent (can’t see through) Non-Uniform Large Particles scattered throughout Cloudy

Suspensions Suspension: system does not stay stable and settles after resting for period of time Aerosol: A suspension of liquid droplets or fine solid particles in a gas Examples of Suspensions Mud or muddy water, is where soil, clay, or silt particles are suspended in water. Flour suspended in water, as pictured to the right. Paint Chalk powder suspended in water. Dust particles suspended in air. Algae in water Milk of Magnesia

Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Lemonade Paint Soda with Carbonation Salt water Granola Cereal Ketchup Fruit Yogurt Chicken noodle Soup Beach Sand Salad Salted and Buttered Popcorn Milk Crayons with paper wrappers Chocolate chip Cookies Jelly Beans

Tyndall Effect A test used to check whether a mixture is homogenous or heterogeneous Tyndall effect: You can see the light pass through a colloid or suspension (heterogeneous mixtures) because the particles scatter light Light will not be seen through homogenous solutions

Pure Substances and Mixtures Worksheet Complete for homework and hand in Wednesday December 9th

Mixtures Lab Using basic observation, magnifying glass microscopes, and a light, identify whether each liquid is a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture Rules of lab?