Ecological Succession Ecosystems are constantly changing. ___________ ____________ is a gradual process of change and replacement of the types of species in a __________________. Each new community that arises often makes it ________________ for the previous community to _______________.

Primary succession ___________ _____________ is a type of succession that occurs on a surface where no ________________ existed before. Primary succession can occur on ____________, cliffs, or _____________.

Pioneer Species A __________ ____________ is a species that colonizes an _________________ area and that starts an ecological cycle Over time, a pioneer species will make the _________ area ________________ for other species.

Pioneer Species

Secondary succession __________ __________ occurs on a surface where an ecosystem has previously ______________. Process: ______________ replaces another _________________ that has been partially or totally ______________.

Secondary succession Occurs: in __________ that have been disturbed or disrupted by ______, ______.

_______ _________ such as storms, floods, fires, earthquakes, or volcanic eruptions.

Climax Community A _______________is the final, stable community Even though a climax community may ____________________, It will remain the _________________ if it is not disturbed.

Old-field succession ______________________ is a type of secondary succession that occurs when farmland is abandoned. When a farmer stops cultivating a field, ___________ and ___________ quickly grow and cover the abandoned ___________. Over time, taller _____________, such as _____________ grasses, shrubs, and _______________ take over the area.

Old-field succession

Succession video