Chemistry

A History of Chemistry - First Nations and Métis people rely on their ancestors’ knowledge to make the products needed to sustain a good quality of life. - Mixtures and combinations of natural and animal products were a vital part of their culture. Example 1: First Nations and Métis people made their own natural bleach, which they used in a variety of ways. Natural bleach was used to wash clothing, to whiten hides, and to make soap with a lye base.

Example 2: They knew the properties of each plant and knew how to process certain parts from plants and animals to make the bases needed in formulas to create medicine and household products. Example 3: The Cree also used unripe cranberries (the white ones) to thicken their berries into jelly as natural pectin or a thickening agent.

What is Chemistry? Chemistry is the science in which substances are examined to find out: 1) What they are made of 2) How they act under different conditions 3) How they are combined or separated to form other substances. Salt & Water are made up of combined substances When water (H2O) is heated, it begins to boil Table salt (NaCl) is made up of the elements sodium and chlorine.

Why do We Study Chemisty? Answer: Chemistry and Chemical Reactions are EVERYWHERE! Chemistry plays a role in everyone's lives and touches almost every aspect of our existence in some way. Examples of Chemistry in our everyday lives: Food Production Clothing - the production of synthetic fabrics like polyester, lycra, nylon and fleece

Some Common Chemicals Nail polish remover - acetone Battery acid – sulfuric acid Sugar - sucrose Aspirin – acetylsalicylic acid Pencil lead - graphite Charcoal - carbon Vinegar – acetic acid

There are 2 ways we can describe Matter Chemical Properties - Properties that do change the chemical nature of matter Include: - heat of combustion - reactivity with water - PH - electromotive force

2. Physical Properties - Properties that do not change the chemical nature of matter Include: -state (solid, liquid, gas) - colour - texture - luster (shiny or dull) - crystal structure - taste - odour - solubility (how well it dissolves in water) - freezing/melting/boiling points - behavior (does it burn, rot, explode)

State the property that is being explored in the following pictures.