3D Design Elements & Principles: The building blocks of all 3-Dimensional Art.

1. form FORM A form is a three-dimensional object: it has height, width and depth. Every sculpture is a form

Forms and shapes can be categorized into two different types: Geometric Shapes that are created through use of mathematics. These shapes include: circle, oval, triangle, square, rectangle, hexagon, octagon and pentagon Organic An irregular shape, or one that might be found in nature, rather than a regular mechanical shape.

GEOMETRIC FORMS

ORGANIC FORM

2. plane PLANE A plane (or shape) is a two-dimensional surface: it has height and width. Planes can be used to define edges, or to change the “flow” of a sculpture.

SERRA

3. line LINE A mark made by a moving point that has length and direction Used in sculpture to lead the viewer’s eye in, around and through a form. Line can be actual or implied.

ACTUAL LINE

IMPLIED LINES

ACTUAL LINE GOLDSWORTHY

CHRISTO

4. space SPACE Refers to the distance or area between, around, above, below, or within things. Space helps make a form more inviting by making the viewer look in, around or through it to the other side. DUCKWORTH

Space POSITIVE SPACE—are defined by the objectS NEGATIVE SPACE—area around and within the objects. In sculpture, positive space is the object and negative space is everything else!

OLDENBURG

HEPWORTH

5. color COLOR A color is chosen to enhance a 3D form, not to distract from it. Color can be applied (such as painted on) or inherent (such as the natural color of stone). Color can be used to enhance the theme or meaning within a work of art.

INHERENT COLOR

APPLIED COLOR OLDENBURG/VAN BRUGGEN

SKOGLAND

DE SAINT PHALLE

6. texture TEXTURE The "feel" of an object in a design created with various repetive marks (smooth rough, soft, etc). Deeply textured areas appear darker, and smoother, non-textured areas appear lighter.

SMOOTH VS. TEXTURE

TEXTURE VS. TEXTURE

7. value VALUE The lightness or darkness of a color. Deeply carved areas have dark, shadowed values. Areas that stick out have highlighted values. TEXTURE CREATES VALUE!

1st Assignment: You will be making note cards for each element of design. The front will be a picture reflecting the element and the back will the written definition. On a separate sheet of paper, you will write how each picture shows that certain element.

Example Front Back (Separate Page) This picture shows line because of how the artist used the pencils to create multiple lines in various directions within the sculpture. The lines intersect and cross and interweave with one another. Line: A mark made by a moving point that has length and direction. Used in sculpture to lead the viewer’s eye in, around and through a form. Line can be actual or implied.

Either google search “sculptures” or “sculptors” OR We will be going to the media center to find and print out pictures (we are on the desktops) Copy and paste your pictures to a WORD document and then print out your paper Either google search “sculptures” or “sculptors” OR http://www.modernsculpture.com/ http://www.artchive.com/ Click on the artchive (Mona Lisa picture) and then scroll on down to sculptors