12/12/17 Aim: How did sectionalism threaten the expansion of the Union? DO NOW: For what reasons did many settlers move westward? What is the SOCIAL and ECONOMIC differences between the NORTHERN and SOUTHERN states? Give examples to support your answer.

Learning Objectives: Students will be able to explain American sectionalism in the early 1800s. Students will be able to cite the parameters of the Missouri Compromise and evaluate its effectiveness

Aim: How did sectionalism threaten the expansion of the Union? Why was slavery all of a sudden a big issue in 1819? Answer: In 1819, the nation contained 11 free and 11 slave states, creating an even balance in the U.S. Senate. However, in 1819, Missouri applied for statehood, threatening to tip the balance of senatorial power in favor of the slave states. In this lesson you will learn how Henry Clay resolved the matter for the next 30 years.

Aim: How did sectionalism threaten the expansion of the Union? Northern States in America: ECONOMICALLY: The Industrial Revolution reached America by the early-mid 19th century White/European immigrants workforce Factory and technology based Educated City based

Essential Question So why was slavery suddenly an issue when plenty of other Southern states had been added in recent years?

Aim: How did sectionalism threaten the expansion of the Union? Southern States: Economically: South grows as an agricultural power The South became a “Cotton Kingdom” labor was needed 1790 = 700,000 slaves 1820 = 1,500,000 slaves

Aim: How did sectionalism threaten the expansion of the Union? Explain how the economic differences between each region would cause problems of unity in the US? Sectionalism – Conflict based on the social (way of life), economic (how they made money), and political (which region had more power in congress) between the north and the south.

Aim: How did sectionalism threaten the expansion of the Union? MISSOURI: In 1818 settlers in Missouri applied for statehood Missouri wanted to be a slave state DILEMMA: Northerners and Southerners disagreed on whether Missouri should be admitted as a “free” state. What concerns would Northerners have about admitting Missouri as a free or slave state?

Balance of power in Congress (Senate) in 1818 Northern Senators (11 states = 22 senators who represent the north) ………………….. Southern Senators (11 states = 22 senators who represent the South) 2 new Missouri senators .. What concerns would Northerners have about admitting Missouri as a free or slave state? What is the job of the senate? What types of laws would north/south senators make? Why does it matter if there’s an imbalance in the senate

Missouri Compromise Missouri would be allowed to join the Union as a slave state. Maine would join as a free state. This would keep the balance between free and slave states in congress. An imaginary line of 36’ 30’ (longitude and latitude), North of the line would be free states and south of the line would be slave states.

Free or Slave State? Free State – No Slavery Allowed Each time a group of settlers asked to join the Union as a new state, a decision had to be made: Free State – No Slavery Allowed Slave State – Slavery Permitted

Exit ticket Do you think the Missouri Compromise was a good idea? Why or why not? Will this be a permanent solution to admitting new states and keeping Congress balanced? Why not? Homework: write a paragraph imagining what our country would be like if the Missouri Compromise was not overturned.

Think-Write-Discuss How did sectionalism threaten the expansion of the Union? BE SURE TO ANSWER EACH OF THE BULLET IN YOUR ANSWER! Discuss the SECTIONAL differences between the NORTH and SOUTH. Explain how admitting new states impacts the balance of power in Congress. Explain if the North and the South can compromise on the issue of slavery and keep Congress balanced every time a new state is added.