P2X4R blockade increases autoimmune inflammation

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P2X4R blockade increases autoimmune inflammation P2X4R blockade increases autoimmune inflammation AClinical score of vehicle (n = 10)‐ and TNP‐ATP (10 mg/kg)‐treated mice (n = 10) after EAE induction. Right, scheme, raw data, and histogram showing axon conduction latency in the corticospinal tract of control (n = 4), EAE (n = 10), and TNP‐ATP‐treated EAE mice (n = 10). Symbols indicate significance versus control (*) or versus EAE (#).BHistology of spinal cord sections using Iba1 antibodies shows a significant increase in microglia/macrophage cell number in control mice (n = 3), in TNP‐ATP‐treated EAE mice (n = 4), and in non‐treated EAE mice (n = 5). Scale bar = 50 μm.CNeurological score, axon conduction latency, and microglia/macrophage quantification in control WT (n = 3) and P2X4−/− mice (n = 3) and after EAE induction in WT (n = 10) and P2X4−/− mice (n = 10).DNeurological score after EAE induction in P2X4−/− mice treated with vehicle (n = 4) or TNP‐ATP (n = 5).ELeft, flow cytometry gating strategy for analysis of infiltrates in the spinal cord of EAE mice at peak (18–21 dpi). Right, graph showing the neurological score of the mice used for the analysis (top) (n = 8). Histogram showing flow cytometric quantification of CD3+, CD8+, CD4+, and γδ T cells, neutrophils (NP), macrophages (MC), and dendritic cells (DC) in the spinal cord at EAE peak (bottom).FImmune response analysis in vitro. T‐cell proliferation assay and flow cytometric quantification of cytokine expression in T cells after PMA/ionomycin stimulation in the absence or presence of TNP‐ATP (10–30 μm, 3 days; n = 3 independent experiments).Data information: Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m. Statistics were performed with Mann–Whitney U‐test (neurological score) and Student's t‐test. */#P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Alazne Zabala et al. EMBO Mol Med. 2018;emmm.201708743 © as stated in the article, figure or figure legend