Incidence, epidemiology and evolution of reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Korea Kyungwon Lee, Yunsop Chong, L. Erdenechemeg,

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Incidence, epidemiology and evolution of reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Korea Kyungwon Lee, Yunsop Chong, L. Erdenechemeg, Kyung Soon Song, Kwang Hun Shin Clinical Microbiology and Infection Volume 4, Issue 11, Pages 627-633 (November 1998) DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.1998.tb00345.x Copyright © 1998 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Cumulative percentage of N. gonorrhoeae isolates inhibited by ciprofloxacin. Although MIC ranges were the same for the isolates in 1993 and 1996, as the lowest concentration tested was 0.008 mg/L, an increase of MIC50 from 0.015 mg/L to 0.12 mg/L was noted, resulting in a decrease of susceptible isolates from 73% to 39%. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 1998 4, 627-633DOI: (10.1111/j.1469-0691.1998.tb00345.x) Copyright © 1998 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Plasmid profile of PPNG strains showing 4.4-MDa (lanes 1–4, 6, 7) and 3.2-MDa (lanes 5 and 8) β-lactamase plasmids and 24.5-MDa conjugative plasmid (lanes 2, 5–7). Lane 9 is Escherichia coli V517 plasmid size marker. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 1998 4, 627-633DOI: (10.1111/j.1469-0691.1998.tb00345.x) Copyright © 1998 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 PFGE separation of NheI-digested chromosomal DNA of N. gonorrhoeae. Patterns for only 11 strains are shown. Molecular markers are chromosome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (lane 1) and concatemers of λ phage DNA (lane 13). Clinical Microbiology and Infection 1998 4, 627-633DOI: (10.1111/j.1469-0691.1998.tb00345.x) Copyright © 1998 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 A schematic presentation of PFGE patterns of NheI-digested genomic DNA of N. gonorrhoeae. Prevalent patterns were G1 (lane 13; 14 isolates) and C1 (lane 4; nine isolates). When subtypes were included together, 26 (46%; G1–G4) and 13 (23%; C1–C4) of the strains were interpreted to be closely related clones. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 1998 4, 627-633DOI: (10.1111/j.1469-0691.1998.tb00345.x) Copyright © 1998 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions