Homework Renaissance art activity due tomorrow.

Do Now Why is Machiavelli a product of the Renaissance? In other words, how do his ideas reflect the values of the Renaissance like humanism or secularism? Look back at your notes from Aim #3 in answering this question.

Why is Machiavelli a product of the Renaissance? 1. Believed that human behavior and human nature were worth studying and understanding (very humanist) 2. Rulers should do what they have to in order to control their subjects and create a stable society, even ignoring moral considerations (a more secular, less religious view).

Aim #5: What were the characteristics of Renaissance Art? March 6, 2019

I. Medieval Art Characteristics: - Emphasis on religious images - Flat (lacked depth, background) - Dull Colors - Unrealistic settings - Disproportionate (religious figures depicted the largest because they were considered the most important) - Rigid, with no appearance of movement

I. Medieval Art How does this painting demonstrate the characteristics of Medieval Art? Why do you think Medieval artists were not interested in bringing more color, movement or realistic proportions into their work? What was their main priority? Giotto: Madonna and Child (ca 1300): This painting portrays the Virgin Mary sitting on a throne, holding baby Jesus. They are surrounded by saints and angels on both sides.

II. Renaissance Art Characteristics: - Religious and Classical Themes → Religious figures are still important, but are portrayed more realistically with greater attention to their everyday experiences and emotions (this is very humanist). Also, artists are now also willing to portray subjects from Greek and Roman history and mythology because Greek and Roman culture were so admired during the Renaissance (this shows both classicism and secularism). - Use of perspective → Illusion of depth, three dimensions - Very Realistic → Attention to shadows, light sources, accurate human anatomy - Celebration of the human body (very humanist, because humanism is about praising the beauty and achievements of human beings) - Elaborate backgrounds - Vibrant colors and vivid details - Objects are in proportion - Appearance of movement

III. Famous Renaissance Artists Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519) True Renaissance Man Scientist, inventor, engineer and artist Dissected corpses in order to study the human body and make his paintings more realistic. He also developed early airplane models Famous paintings: Mona Lisa, Madonna with a Flower, The Last Supper

Da Vinci: Madonna with a Flower (1478) Giotto: Madonna and Child (ca 1300) 3. What makes Da Vinci a “Renaissance man”? 4. How is Da Vinci’s portrayal of Jesus and Mary different from Giotto’s? 5. How does Da Vinci’s painting show the characteristics of Renaissance art? 6. Would you describe Da Vinci’s painting as a humanist work? Why or why not? Think about the way Da Vinci portrays Jesus and Mary in answering this question.

7. How does the painting show the characteristics of Renaissance art? Da Vinci: The Last Supper (1495-1498): This late 15th century mural painting portrays the last supper that Jesus had with his disciples before he was arrested by the Romans and killed. In the moment we see above, Jesus has just informed his disciples that one of them will betray him to the Romans, and his disciples respond with shock, fear and sadness. The man who will actually do this is Judas Iscariot, who is the black haired, bearded figure to Jesus’ left who is seated at the table holding a bag of gold (his reward from the Romans for the betrayal). 7. How does the painting show the characteristics of Renaissance art? 8. How does this painting show the values of humanism? Think about how Jesus and his disciples are portrayed by Da Vinci.

III. Famous Renaissance Artists B. Michelangelo (1475-1564) Famous Painting: Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel Famous Sculptures: David, Pieta Incredible energy and endurance Michelangelo: Creation of Adam (Sistine Chapel): In this painting, Michelangelo portrays the moment from the Biblical book of Genesis where God first breathes life into Adam, the first man he created. 9. What makes this painting a humanist work of art (think about the portrayal of Adam, his relationship with God, etc.)?

11. How is this sculpture a humanist work of art? 10. Describe David’s body, facial expression, posture and any other notable characteristics in this sculpture. 11. How is this sculpture a humanist work of art? Michelangelo: David (1501-1504): This sculpture is of the biblical hero David right before he went off the fight the Philistine giant Goliath. David was the underdog in this fight, but he went on to win with only his slingshot.

III. Famous Renaissance Artists 12. How does this painting reflect the following philosophies of the Renaissance: Humanism Classicism Secularism Raphael: The School of Athens (1509-1511): In this painting, Raphael portrays all the great philosophers, scientists and mathematicians of Greece in one place. The two figures in the center of the painting are Plato and Aristotle.