Acute hemodynamic benefit of multisite ventricular pacing after congenital heart surgery Frank J Zimmerman, MD, Joanne P Starr, MD, Peter R Koenig, MD,

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Acute hemodynamic benefit of multisite ventricular pacing after congenital heart surgery Frank J Zimmerman, MD, Joanne P Starr, MD, Peter R Koenig, MD, Patricia Smith, RN, Ziyad M Hijazi, MD, Emile A Bacha, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 75, Issue 6, Pages 1775-1780 (June 2003) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(03)00175-9

Fig 1 Change in QRS duration with multisite pacing for 29 patients. The QRS duration in the baseline state is shown in the left-hand column; the QRS duration during pacing is shown in the right-hand column. The dark line represents the mean change and the bars represent the standard deviations (106.5 ± 22 msec versus 80 ± 18 msec). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2003 75, 1775-1780DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(03)00175-9)

Fig 2 Baseline (top) and paced (bottom) rhythm strips (lead II, 50 mm/s) of a patient with tetralogy of Fallot and right bundle branch block. Baseline QRS duration is 120 msec and paced QRS duration is 80 msec. (N = normal beat.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2003 75, 1775-1780DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(03)00175-9)

Fig 3 Change in systolic blood pressure (BP) with multisite pacing. For 29 patients, systolic BP in the baseline state is shown in the left-hand column; the systolic BP during pacing is shown in the right-hand column. The dark line represents the mean change and the bars represent the standard deviations (89 ± 22 mm Hg versus 98 ± 21 mm Hg). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2003 75, 1775-1780DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(03)00175-9)

Fig 4 Paced (left) and baseline (right) rhythm strip (lead II, 25 mm/s) and arterial blood pressure (ABP) recordings in patient no. 9 with hypoplastic left-side heart syndrome after stage 1 Norwood operation. The paced ABP is 67/46 mm Hg and decreases to 52/37 mm Hg in the baseline state. (N = normal beat; M = mixed beat; V= ventricular.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2003 75, 1775-1780DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(03)00175-9)

Fig 5 Change in cardiac index with multisite pacing. For 22 patients, cardiac index in the baseline state is shown in the left-hand column; cardiac index during pacing is shown in the right-hand column. The dark line represents the mean change and the bars represent the standard deviations (3.5 ± 1.3 [L · min−1 · m−2] versus 4.1 ± 1.6 [L · min−1 · m−2].) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2003 75, 1775-1780DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(03)00175-9)