Atomic Model Unit 3.1.

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Presentation transcript:

Atomic Model Unit 3.1

Atoms Atom: Smallest piece of matter that has the properties of the element. Nucleus: Dense, heavy center of an atom. Protons: particles with a positive charge Neutrons: particles with neutral (no) charge Electron cloud: Low-density, outer region of an atom. Electrons: particles with a negative charge and virtually no mass.

99.9999999999% of an atom is nothing Average radius of an atomic nucleus is 1/10,000 of the atom’s size. If a nucleus is the size of a pea in the center of a football stadium, then small flies flying at the outer part of the stadium would be the electrons. There wouldn’t be anything between the nucleus and the electrons.

(Round to 12) 6P + 6N = 12

Bohr Model-a visual representation of something to help us understand what it looks like Bohr Model-electrons travel in a fixed orbit around the nucleus Each orbit, or orbital, is called an energy level

How do you Determine the # of Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons? Let’s Do Boron as an example… Atomic Number: The number of protons (5) AND electrons (5) Average Atomic Mass: The number of protons and neutrons (because electrons are so small, their mass isn’t factored in) Round up! To calculate: Atomic Mass – Atomic number = # of neutrons 11- 5 = 6

Draw This…

How Many Electrons are in Each Energy Level? 1st Level: Maximum of 2 electrons 2nd Level: Maximum of 8 electrons 3rd Level: Maximum of 8 electrons