How are these Related? Similarities? Differences? Sophisticated Cells How are these Related? Similarities? Differences?

Only LIVING things are made up of cells! Made up of one or more cells Use energy LIVING THINGS Grow and develop Reproduce Only LIVING things are made up of cells!

Robert Hooke invented the term “CELL” while looking at a cork cell. Robert Brown called the dark dense blob that he found in the cell, the “NUCLEUS.” Robert Hooke invented the term “CELL” while looking at a cork cell. Schleiden and Schwann developed the Cell Theory

Cell Theory Cells are the basic units of all life. All organisms are made up of one or more cells. Cells are the basic units of all life. All cells come from pre-existing cells.

Cells The basic unit of life and of structure and function in living things. An example would be plant and animal cells. Non-living objects do not have cells!

the job or process that the structure carries out the body plan or the way the parts are constructed or arranged Function: the job or process that the structure carries out Plant/Animal/Both Vacuole maintains fluids, removes wastes, stores ingested food, and provides and maintains cellular structure. BOTH (but larger in PLANT) Chloroplast elongated or disc-shaped organelles containing chlorophyll that trap sunlight for energy. Photosynthesis (in which energy from sunlight is converted into chemical energy - food) takes place in the chloroplasts PLANT

Mitochondrion rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane. They provide energy for the cell and are known as the POWERHOUSE of the cell BOTH Cytoplasm the jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located. The cytoplasm helps to maintain the shape of a cell Nucleus is in the center of a cell and contains the nucleolus. The nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell and is known as the cell’s CONTROL CENTER

Cell wall is a rigid structure that gives plant cells their shape. The cell wall is made of nonliving material called cellulose. PLANT Cell membrane Barrier that only allows certain substances into cells. BOTH Golgi bodies takes simple molecules, combines them, and pieces them together to make larger molecules. It also packages substances.

Lysosomes Spherical organelles that contain digestive enzymes, their job is to break down things in the cell Mostly in animal cells, rarely found in plant cells if ever. Centrioles Form spindle fibers to separate chromosomes during cell division ANIMAL Smooth ER makes lipids and other substances and is responsible for transporting chemicals within cells and between cells, does NOT have ribosomes on its surface BOTH

Rough ER Is a vast system of interconnected sacks that are located in the cell's cytoplasm, covered with ribosomes that give it a rough appearance, is important in the synthesis and packaging of proteins BOTH Ribosomes The look like small dots in the cell and are protein builders

Animal Cell

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

Engage: What if???? What if the nucleus stopped working in a cell? What if the chloroplast disappeared from a cell? What if a cell was missing the vacuole?

Cells like to be ORGANIZED!!! Cells like to group or CLASSIFY themselves from smallest to largest.

Cell The basic unit of life and of structure and function in living things. An example would be plant and animal cells.

Tissue Made of similar cells that perform the same function. An example would be nervous tissue.

Organ Composed of different kinds of tissues. Example would be the brain or the heart.

Organ system A group of organs that work together to perform a major function like the nervous system or the circulatory system.

Organism Made up of all the organ systems that work together to make one living thing. Example would be a dog, or a cow, or a human.

Population Made up of organisms of the same species, for example, a herd of cattle, or a group of people.

Community Made up of many different species and populations. For example the rodeo is a community because it has people, cows, horses, pigs, etc. all together. Or the woods or forest because it has a lot of different animal species living together (ex. Snakes, deer, mice, etc.)

Organisms that produce food through photosynthesis like plants. Producer Organisms that produce food through photosynthesis like plants. Consumer Organisms that eat other living organisms. Decomposer Organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms. Adaptations: a characteristic that helps an organism survive in its environment and reproduce

Circulatory Transportation system that carries substances around the body. Respiratory Takes OXYGEN into the body and eliminates carbon dioxide. Skeletal Supports, protects, works with muscle for movement, makes blood cells and stores minerals. Muscular Enables the body to move. Moves food and our blood. Digestive Takes food into our body. Breaks food down, and absorbs the digestive materials.

Excretory Removes waste. Reproductive Produces sex cells to create offspring; controls males and female characteristics. Integumentary Protects body, keeps water inside the body, and helps regulate body temperature. Nervous Detects and interprets information from the environments outside and within the body; controls most body functions. Endocrine Glands produce hormones that regulate many body processes.

Lysosomes are very rare Plant and Animal Cells Plant Cells Animal Cells nucleus, ribosomes, vacuoles, smooth and rough ER, Golgi bodies, cytoplasm, cell membranes, and mitochondria Centrioles Lysosomes Chloroplasts Cell wall Large vacuole Lysosomes are very rare