Challenging New Limits Horizon Engineering Challenging New Limits Determination Hardwork Unified Motivation Teamwork is the combined actions of a group of people towards a common goal. Guidelines Chief Engineers: Andrew Black, Chandler Owen, Austin Bryan

From left to right: Robert Owen, Austin Bryan, Andrew Black Airplane Project From left to right: Robert Owen, Austin Bryan, Andrew Black

Understand The purpose is trying to get one or two models to fly the longest, and stay in the air the longest. Materials: Paper Paper clips Big paper Tape (Scotch or clear tape) Scissors Weights Books Staples You can use anything that doesn’t modify the material or create thrust or propulsion. The solution is increasing, as it allows greater distance. The brainstorming process is about understanding Lift, Thrust, Drag, and Gravity on a craft which makes advantages and disadvantages by themselves.

Explore Ideas we explored: More surface area on the wing More weight for better propulsion Design Book that improves the design and basis Heavy in the front to have momentum Adding weight to get momentum for flight Longer flying time equals to longer distance Less surface area has less drag on the craft Modify the design of dart aircraft to have larger surface area Added flaps to help flight time in the air

Define These ideas translated to design changes: Short but make the wings bigger, then you get a great guide and speed of the aircraft. Bigger wings made a great distance compared the short wing design Hold the wings in so it doesn’t come undone in the end Wings folded up can improve distance, glide, and speed When the big winged craft flips, the air time is perfect

Ideate We used large wings for the first model with a heavy paper nose, then we added a hexagonal triangle shape to improve distance and time in the air. Heavy nose with a semi-small wings will make a great glider/ dart design. A trapezoid design will help air lift with the heavy nose design.

Prototype totype First two prototypes of the tests. Models Feet Air Time (Seconds) Model 5 33’9” 1.7 sec 43’2” 1.9 sec 45’ 2.0 sec Model 9 22’6” 2.75 sec 5.75 sec 5.9 sec totype First two prototypes of the tests.

Refine We moved up to large scale for refinement, to 2 different thicknesses. We found that x2 thickness, though less stable, is best. We modified the designs to have larger wings on the Hammer, but smaller wings on the Glider. We removed the weight to be more stable in the back so there is more forward momentum. Removed modifications that made the crafts fly different, mostly folds, flaps, and paper clips. Added tape to the Hammer’s wings so it doesn’t unfold during flight.

Solution We tried our design in theory in tests, those tests were huge improvements in the prototypes. The problems were the tests themselves; we used them so many times that there were dents and bruises that affected the crafts in the real tests. We were afraid this would prevent our success, but our designs prove to be workable, and some unorthodox flying helped boost our numbers.

Data Table Our data from the final tests of the day, not perfect, but real world perfect. Models Time (seconds) Distance (Feet) Hammer 2.9 53 1.8 48 40 Glider 1.3 ---------------------- 1.4 2.0 Note: an unofficial test of the Glider afterwards got a air time of 4.4 seconds due to a change in throwing method

Video Links https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OgxLPpaAbMM&feature=youtu.be https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tkwr7KPpot0&feature=youtu.be