2nd Law of Thermodynamics

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Presentation transcript:

2nd Law of Thermodynamics Higher Temperature Lower Temperature Heat Heat will not flow spontaneously from a lower temperature object to a higher temperature object.

Heat Engine – any device that uses heat to do work QH (input heat) Conservation of Energy: QH = W + QC W (Work) QC (rejected heat)

hyperphysics

An engine has an efficiency of 20% and produces 2000 J of mechanical work during one cycle. How much energy is transferred out of the engine by heating the environment during one cycle? 100 J 2000 J 8000 J 10000 J

Th= 550 K Tc Engine Qh Qc W = 630 J = 920 J For the engine a) What is the Work done by engine each cycle? b) What is the efficiency of the engine?

hyperphysics

Refrigerators, Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps For these, we need heat to flow from lower to higher temperature: This requires work Conservation of Energy: QH = W + QC